Chap 2 Flowers Part 1 Flowers Classification n Pollination

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Questions and Answers

What is the role of the petals in most flowers?

To hold the flower to the shoot

To produce seeds

To attract insects for pollination (correct)

To protect the flower in bud stage

What structure attaches the flower to the shoot?

Pedicel (correct)

Thalamus

Sepal

Style

What is the swollen upper end of the pedicel called?

Thalamus (correct)

Filament

Style

Ovary

Which part of a flower develops from the floral bud and is responsible for sexual reproduction?

Flower Signup and view all the answers

Which floral part is involved in enclosing and protecting the inner whorls of a flower in bud stage?

Sepals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is part of the pistil?

Stigma Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for bisexual flowers?

Hermaphrodite flowers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an incomplete flower?

Mulberry Signup and view all the answers

What type of plant has male and female flowers on separate plants?

Dioecious Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following functions is NOT a primary function of flowers?

Photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

Which plant is an example of a monoecious plant?

Maize Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest flower found in nature?

Rafflesia Signup and view all the answers

Which whorl is missing in an incomplete flower?

Any of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the very first step in studying the structure of an ovary?

Remove sepals, petals, and stamens. Signup and view all the answers

When observing an ovary cut widthwise, which of the following should be noted?

The number of chambers in the ovary. Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a group or cluster of flowers on a twig?

Inflorescence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions is not part of the procedure to study different flowers and their parts?

Cut the flower lengthwise to study the ovary. Signup and view all the answers

How many ovules are found in each chamber of the Hibiscus flower's ovary?

2 Signup and view all the answers

What tool is recommended to study the detailed structure of the ovary?

Hand lens Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the flower is NOT removed when preparing to study the ovary?

Pistil Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the activities described, what is a whorl in a flower?

A circular arrangement of flower parts Signup and view all the answers

Which flower is mentioned specifically in Activity 3 as having five chambers in its ovary?

Hibiscus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following steps involves the actual transfer of pollen grains?

Pollination Signup and view all the answers

What is pollination by wind referred to as?

Wind pollination Signup and view all the answers

Which plant is NOT typically pollinated by wind?

Rose Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on the same plant?

Self-pollination Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pollinators in the pollination process?

To transfer pollen grains Signup and view all the answers

Cross-pollination involves which of the following?

Flowers of different plants of the same type Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with wind-pollinated flowers?

Fragrant flowers Signup and view all the answers

Which plant is an example of a water-pollinated flower?

Vallisneria Signup and view all the answers

What needs to happen for pollination to occur in Vallisneria?

Male flowers float away from the parent plant and meet female flowers at the surface of water. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT true for water-pollinated flowers?

Stigma is large and feathery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following flowers are pollinated by insects?

Marigold Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about insect pollination?

Insects visit flowers primarily for pollen. Signup and view all the answers

Why do pollen grains stick to the body parts of insects during insect pollination?

Due to their powdery nature Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a feature of wind-pollinated flowers?

Fragrant and colourful Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the stigma in the gynoecium?

To trap pollen grains Signup and view all the answers

What is formed in the pollen sacs of an anther?

Pollen grains Signup and view all the answers

Where are female gametes found in the pistil?

In the ovary Signup and view all the answers

Into what does the ovary mature after fertilisation?

A fruit Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pistil does the pollen tube grow through?

Style Signup and view all the answers

Which parts of a flower are referred to as essential whorls?

Androecium and gynoecium Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the stamens in the androecium?

Ovule Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of calyx and corolla in a flower?

Pollination assistance Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Flowers

Flowers can be classified into two types based on the presence of male and female reproductive parts:
Bisexual Flowers: Have both male and female reproductive parts (stamens and pistil). Examples: China rose, Mustard, Pea, Gram, Petunia, Rose, etc.
Unisexual Flowers: Have either male reproductive part (stamens) or female reproductive part (pistil). Examples: Cucumber, Pumpkin, Papaya, Maize, Coconut, etc.

Classification of Flowers Based on the Presence of Floral Whorls

Flowers can be classified into two types based on the presence of floral whorls:
Complete Flowers: Have all four whorls (sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils). Examples: China rose, Petunia, Mustard, Pea, etc.
Incomplete Flowers: Have one or more whorls missing. Examples: Mulberry, Pumpkin, Papaya, etc.

Functions of a Flower

The main functions of a flower are:
Reproduction: Produces male and female gametes.
Ornamental Value: Used for decoration.
Source of Food: Develops into fruit and seeds, which grow into new plants.
Religious Significance: Used for worship and making garlands.

More About Flowers

Dioecious Plants: Plants bearing male flowers in one plant and female flowers in another plant. Example: Papaya.
Monoecious Plants: Plants bearing male and female flowers on the same plant. Examples: Maize, Coconut.
A single flower on a twig is called a Solitary Flower.
A group of flowers borne on a twig or branch forms an Inflorescence.
The twig holding the whole inflorescence is called a Peduncle.

Interesting Facts About Flowers

Nectar of Flowers: Collected by honeybees to prepare honey.
Cloves: Dried floral buds used for flavoring food and as a medicine.
Smallest Flowers: Belong to the Duckweed plant (Wolffia), measuring about 0.5 mm in diameter.
Largest Flower: Rafflesia, found in Indonesia, measuring about 1 meter in diameter.

Structure of a Flower

Thalamus: The upper swollen end of the pedicel.
Pedicel: The stalk that attaches the flower to the shoot.

Parts of a Flower

Calyx: The outermost whorl, formed of tiny green, leaf-like structures called sepals.
Corolla: The second whorl, formed of petals.
Androecium: The third whorl, formed of stamens.
Gynoecium: The fourth whorl, formed of a single flask-shaped structure called a pistil.

Pollination

Wind Pollination: The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of flower by wind.
Water Pollination: The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of flower by water.
Insect Pollination: The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of flower by insects.

Mechanism of Sexual Reproduction in Plants

Pollination: The transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma of flower.
Fertilisation: The fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
Dispersal of Fruits and Seeds: The spreading of seeds away from the parent plant.
Seed Germination: The growth of a new plant from a seed.
Formation of Fruits and Seeds: The development of seeds and fruits from the ovary of a flower.

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Description

Learn about the different types of flowers based on the presence of male and female reproductive parts, including bisexual and unisexual flowers.