Types of Extinction and Biodiversity
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Questions and Answers

What is the key difference between background extinction and mass extinction?

  • Background extinction is a natural process, while mass extinction is always caused by human interference.
  • Background extinction occurs at a slower rate, while mass extinction occurs at a faster rate. (correct)
  • Mass extinction is caused by natural disasters, while background extinction is caused by human activities.
  • Mass extinction leads to a decrease in biodiversity, while background extinction leads to an increase in biodiversity.

    • What was the primary cause of the mass extinction that led to the demise of the dinosaurs?

  • The spread of disease-causing agents like bacteria and fungi.
  • Habitat destruction and degradation by early human civilizations.
  • The impact of a large meteor in the Yucatan peninsula that decreased oxygen levels. (correct)
  • A series of volcanic eruptions that increased greenhouse gases and global temperatures.

    • Which of the following is not considered a direct cause of species extinction?

  • Increased biodiversity. (correct)
  • Introduction of exotic species.
  • Pollution.
  • Habitat destruction and degradation.

    • How has the rate of species extinction changed compared to the historical, natural rate?

    <p>The rate of extinction is a thousand times higher than the historical rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the indirect causes of species extinction mentioned in the text?

    <p>Habitat destruction, introduction of exotic species, and pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following natural causes of mass extinction is not mentioned in the text?

    <p>Increased greenhouse gas emissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the process by which pollutants enter a food chain through the organism in the first trophic level?

    <p>Bioaccumulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the impact of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity?

    <p>It introduces new species that disrupt the existing ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern associated with nonnative species introduced to new habitats?

    <p>They can threaten biodiversity by lacking natural predators or competitors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is a direct cause of overexploitation contributing to species extinction?

    <p>Hunting, gathering, and collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does eutrophication have on aquatic ecosystems?

    <p>Promotes algal growth due to nutrient runoff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process leads to an increase in the concentration of pollutants from one organism to another in a food chain?

    <p>Biomagnification</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of species extinction according to the text?

    <p>Human hunting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is NOT listed as a natural cause of species extinction in the text?

    <p>Commercial exploitation of pigeon meat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of extinction event involves a sudden, widespread decrease in biodiversity?

    <p>Mass extinction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species mentioned in the text was impacted by overhunting for food and skin?

    <p>Passenger Pigeon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between background extinction and mass extinction events?

    <p>Background extinction is gradual and affects few species, while mass extinction is sudden and affects many species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which human activity mentioned in the text contributed to the extinction of the Cebu Warty Pig?

    <p>Overhunting for food and skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

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