18 Questions
What is the function of spar ceilings in general cargo ships?
To prevent direct contact between the cargo and the ship's side
What is the primary purpose of using dunnage in cargo holds?
To protect sensitive cargoes from moisture and contamination
Which of the following statements about wooden dunnage is true?
It must be dry before use
What is the purpose of using criss-cross dunnage in the absence of spar ceilings?
To prevent direct contact between the cargo and the ship's side
What is the purpose of using top dunnage in cargo holds?
To protect the cargo from contamination and moisture
What is the primary function of using interlayer dunnage?
To protect the underlying cargo from contamination by the top cargo
What is the primary purpose of using floor dunnage in cargo holds?
To prevent moisture damage to sensitive cargoes like bagged goods or bales
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of dunnage material?
Steel plates
What is the purpose of using a double layer or criss-cross dunnage for very sensitive cargoes?
To prevent the cargo from sinking and touching the deck
Which of the following statements about dunnage is NOT true?
Dunnage is only used on general cargo ships, not container ships
In ships with lateral water drainage (bilges), how should the first layer of floor dunnage be laid?
Crosswise
What is the purpose of lateral dunnage in cargo holds?
To prevent cargo from shifting during transportation
What are the SPECIAL AREAS established under Annex V for dunnage disposal?
The Baltic Sea area and the Red Sea area
Why is it important to clean the strum box in the bilge suction line after each cargo discharge?
To prevent cargo contamination
What is the purpose of the bilge suction line in a cargo hold?
To discharge bilge water
What is the main reason for blanking ballast lines when carrying cargo in ballast holds?
To prevent seawater intrusion into the cargo hold
Why should the end of the bilge suction line be confirmed as clear with no debris fouling?
To avoid cargo contamination
What is one of the reasons for trying out the bilge suction when the cargo hold is empty?
Verify its efficient working condition
Study Notes
Use of Dunnage
- Dunnage is used to protect sensitive cargoes from contamination, and additional materials such as jute coverings, paper, and matting may be used.
- Spar ceilings, which are wooden planks connected to the ship, prevent direct contact between the cargo and the ship's side and allow sweat to flow downwards.
- In the absence of spar ceilings, dunnage or criss-cross dunnage must be used to protect the cargo from contamination.
Types of Dunnage
- Floor dunnage protects moisture-sensitive cargoes from sweat and lifts the cargo off the deck.
- Lateral dunnage protects the cargo from contamination.
- Interlayer dunnage separates individual batches of cargo and protects the underlying cargo from contamination.
- Top dunnage protects against moisture and contamination.
Importance of Dunnage
- Floor dunnage is the most important type of dunnage on general cargo ships.
- Dunnage is essential for protecting sensitive cargoes, such as bagged cargo and bales, from sweat and moisture.
Disposal of Dunnage
- Special areas have been established under Annex V for the disposal of dunnage, including the Mediterranean Sea area, Baltic Sea area, and others.
Bilge Suction
- The bilge suction line is fitted with a perforated strum box to prevent cargo debris from entering the bilge line.
- The strum box must be thoroughly cleaned after each cargo discharge and checked for damage or corrosion.
- Bilge suction is necessary to remove residue of previous cargo, clean the mud and rust, and get rid of foul smells.
- The bilge suction line must be confirmed as clear and free of debris before use.
Blanking of Ballast Lines
- Ballast holds can be used for either ballast or cargo.
- When carrying cargo, it is essential to ensure that ballast water cannot be admitted to the hold by accident.
- This is achieved by bolting a watertight coverplate over the ballast suction in the hold and reinforcing it in the engineroom or on deck.
Learn about the different types of dunnage used on general cargo ships and their importance in protecting moisture-sensitive cargoes from sweat. Explore floor, lateral, interlayer, and top dunnage.
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