Types of Discourse Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of free writing?

  • To establish a framework for a writing assignment
  • To create a visual representation of relationships between concepts
  • To generate a list of words associated with a given topic (correct)
  • To compare and contrast new and existing knowledge

Which type of graphic organizer presents concepts and principles to the learner in order to bridge existing and new knowledge?

  • Comparative Organizer
  • Expository Organizer (correct)
  • Basic Flow Chart
  • Concept Map

Which of the following is a characteristic of the Alphanumeric System used in outlining?

  • Indicating levels of significance through headings and subheadings (correct)
  • Observance of recurring patterns in sentence elements
  • Segregating the outline into parts or units
  • Placing items of equal significance in the same category

What is the primary purpose of a Comparative Organizer?

<p>To integrate new material with similar material already understood by the learner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which outlining principle ensures that sentence elements, such as nouns, verbs, and phrases, are presented in parallel terms?

<p>Parallelism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of outline provides a skeletal framework of the main, minor, and subheadings of a selected subject matter in the form of topics?

<p>Topic Outline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of transactional discourse?

<p>To provide detailed instructions and encourage action (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of discourse is commonly found in academic settings?

<p>Academic discourse (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of expository discourse?

<p>To inform, clarify, and explain a phenomenon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of discourse is commonly found in instructional materials and guidelines?

<p>Transactional discourse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of discourse is characterized by the use of stories, folklore, or drama as a medium of communication?

<p>Narrative discourse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of discourse is based on valid logic and correct reasoning to motivate the audience?

<p>Argumentative discourse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model views reading as a process where the reader primarily focuses on the text itself?

<p>Bottom-up model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the top-down model of reading, what is the primary consideration?

<p>The reader's prior knowledge or schema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which model combines the bottom-up and top-down approaches to reading?

<p>Interactive model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of brainstorming in the context of reading?

<p>To generate ideas related to a topic or issue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a skill involved in the complex cognitive process of reading?

<p>Brainstorming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reading involve besides unmasking the meaning of a text?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of intertextuality in writing?

<p>To give a layer of meaning to the writer's own work (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'intertextuality' mean, according to the text?

<p>The interconnectedness and interdependence between languages, images, characters, and themes in a text (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between intertextuality and plagiarism, according to the text?

<p>Intertextuality is the interconnectedness of texts, while plagiarism is the unattributed use of another's ideas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hypertext, according to the text?

<p>To present information in a nonlinear way on a screen or web page (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text describe the relationship between intertextuality and culture?

<p>Intertextuality shows how a culture can influence its authors, who in turn influence the culture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a claim of value?

<p>To assert which conditions are better or more desirable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a claim of policy?

<p>Given the rising criminality rate, we should implement the death penalty. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When evaluating an author's claims, what should you check for?

<p>Facts, statistics, and cited sources that support the claims (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when an author makes a broad or general claim?

<p>Look for more substantive evidence to prove the argument (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an editorial in a newspaper?

<p>An article that presents the newspaper's opinion on an issue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of distinguishing facts from opinions when evaluating an author's claims?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Exposition

Writing that aims to inform, clarify, and explain a phenomenon.

Narration

Writing that tells a story using narratives, folklore, or dramatic elements.

Description

Writing that describes something using sensory details.

Argumentation

Writing that aims to convince the reader of a particular viewpoint using logic and evidence.

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Transactional Discourse

A type of discourse that is directive and aims to provide information and encourage action.

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Brainstorming

The process of generating ideas related to a specific topic.

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Intertextuality

The interconnectedness and interdependence between languages, images, characters, and themes.

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Hypertext

A nonlinear method of displaying information on a screen, allowing users to navigate through interconnected topics.

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Claim of Value

A claim that evaluates something as good or bad based on philosophical, aesthetic, or moral beliefs.

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Claim of Policy

A claim that argues for a specific action to be taken as a solution to a problem.

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Interconnectedness of ideas

The interconnectedness of ideas and relationships between concepts, facts, and ideas.

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Topic Outline

A skeletal framework of the main points of a text, organized using headings and subheadings.

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Sentence Outline

A skeletal framework of the main points of a text, with each heading and subheading written in complete sentences.

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Parallelism

Consistent patterns in sentence structure, ensuring uniformity and clarity in outlining.

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Coordination

Placing items of equal significance within the same category in an outline.

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Subordination

Indicating the relative importance of ideas in an outline.

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Division

Dividing the outline into distinct parts or units.

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Alphanumeric System

Using letters and numbers to organize the outline.

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Bottom-Up Reading

A reading model that focuses on the text itself, analyzing it from individual parts to the whole.

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Top-Down Reading

A reading model that focuses on the reader's prior knowledge, background, and context to grasp the text.

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Interactive Reading

A reading model that combines the strengths of both bottom-up and top-down approaches.

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Basic Discourse

An entry-level discourse that is suitable for beginners in a field.

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Academic Discourse

A discourse that presents information in a scholarly way, often using academic jargon.

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Graphic Organizers

A way to organize information using visual displays of relationships between concepts, facts, and ideas.

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Expository Organizer

A type of graphic organizer that presents key concepts and principles in a hierarchical structure.

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Concept Map

A graphic organizer that shows the relationships between facts and concepts in a network-like structure.

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Comparative Organizer

A graphic organizer that compares and contrasts two or more items, highlighting both similarities and differences.

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Evaluating Author's Claims

The process of examining the author's claims to determine their validity and reliability.

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Study Notes

Types of Discourse

  • Basic or entry-level discourse: beneficial for beginners in literature or other fields, also known as creative nonfiction
  • Examples: academic essays and diaries
  • Transactional Discourse: directive in nature, provides detailed information, and encourages the reader to take action
  • Examples: instructions, guidelines, manuals, and privacy policies
  • Academic Discourse: expository or argumentative in nature, presents individual's insights in a scholarly way

Classifications of Discourse

  • EXPOSITION: informs, clarifies, and explains a phenomenon
  • NARRATION: storytelling that relies on stories, folklore, or drama
  • DESCRIPTION: describes something in relation to the senses
  • ARGUMENTATION: based on valid logic, tries to motivate the audience
  • Free Writing: listing down words associated with a given topic
  • Alphabet Listing: using all letters in the alphabet to list ideas associated with a topic
  • Graphic Organizers: visual display of relationships between facts, concepts, and ideas
    • Expository Organizer: presents concepts and principles
    • Concept Map: demonstrates relationships between facts and concepts
    • Comparative Organizer: integrates new material with already understood material

Outlining

  • Topic Outline: skeletal framework of main, minor, and subheadings
  • Sentence Outline: skeletal framework of major, minor, and subheadings in complete sentences
  • Principles of Outlining:
    • Parallelism: recurring patterns in presenting sentence elements
    • Coordination: placing items of equal significance in the same category
    • Subordination: indicating levels of significance
    • Division: segregating the outline into parts or units
    • Alphanumeric System: using letters and numbers to organize

Reading

  • Complex cognitive process involving unified skillsets
  • Involves sensation, perception, phonemic awareness, word recognition, and comprehension
  • Three acceptable models of reading:
    • BOTTOM-UP: focuses on the text, proceeds from part to whole
    • TOP-DOWN: focuses on the reader, proceeds from whole to part
    • INTERACTIVE: combines bottom-up and top-down approaches

Techniques for Managing Information

  • Brainstorming: creative generation of ideas related to a topic
  • Intertextuality: interconnectedness and interdependence between languages, images, characters, and themes
  • HYPERTEXT: nonlinear way of showing information on screen
  • Claim of Value: evaluative statements about what is good or bad, based on philosophical, aesthetic, or moral beliefs
  • Claim of Policy: statements that argue for a specific action to be taken as a solution to a problem

Evaluating Author's Claims

  • Check if claims are supported by strong arguments and reasonable premises
  • Be mindful of the author's approach in building their case
  • Determine evidence from the text that supports the writer's claim
  • Distinguish facts from opinions
  • Look for substantive evidence to prove the argument

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