Types of Cyberattacks

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary characteristic of a phishing email?

It contains an attachment with malware.
It is sent from a known contact.
It asks for login credentials under a false pretense. (correct)
It is usually encrypted for security.

Which type of attacker is described as using sophisticated techniques linked to government agencies?

Inexperienced attackers
Script kiddies
Political hacktivists
Cyber espionage actors (correct)

What is an example of social engineering in cybersecurity?

Using malware to infiltrate a system.
Collecting data from social media profiles.
Creating a false scenario to gain trust. (correct)
Intercepting unsecured public Wi-Fi traffic.

How does a keylogger function?

It logs all local activity, including keystrokes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding random data to a password before hashing?

To create a unique hash for similar passwords. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what way is DNS spoofing used maliciously?

To redirect users to fake websites. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes advanced persistent threats (APTs) from other types of attacks?

They consist of prolonged and targeted intrusions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a form of malware that spreads within code without authorization?

Worm (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cyber attack types to their descriptions:

Phishing attack using SMS/text messages = Gathering information before launching an attack Inexperienced attackers using pre-made tools = An employee clicks a malicious link on a social media post Highly sophisticated groups linked to government agencies = Groups or individuals using cyber-attacks for political or social objectives A malicious USB stick left in a public place = An attacker intercepts traffic from unsecured public Wi-Fi Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of malware to their functions:

Malware that spreads within code = Malware concealed within a legitimate program Logs all local activity on a device = Malware that propagates over network links Allows a user to authenticate once = Method of trying all possible combinations to guess a password A knowledge-based authentication factor = Auditing the usage of an account Signup and view all the answers

Match the following social engineering techniques to their descriptions:

Creating a fabricated scenario to gain trust = Making the target feel comfortable or liked Following someone into a secure area = Gaining access to a secure area with the consent of an employee Redirecting a user to a fake website = Manipulating people to gain unauthorized access or information Phishing email asking for login credentials = Phishing attack using SMS/text messages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cryptographic terms to their definitions:

A cryptographic process producing a fixed-length output = The unencoded message before encryption is applied A technique that adds random data to a password = A process that strengthens weak keys by using additional rounds Encrypts fixed-size blocks of data = Concealing messages within a covertext Uses a public and private key pair = The process of cracking or breaking cryptographic systems Signup and view all the answers

Match the following malware types to their characteristics:

Malware that propagates over network links = Malware concealed within a legitimate program Logs local activity including screenshots = Malware that spreads within code without authorization Encrypts fixed-size blocks of data = Allows a user to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems Method of trying all possible combinations = Phishing attack using SMS/text messages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attack methods to their objectives:

Phishing email = Redirecting a user to a fake website Data interception on unsecured Wi-Fi = Gaining unauthorized information using manipulation Malicious USB stick = Cyber espionage actors exploiting insider knowledge Information gathering prior to an attack = An attacker using pre-made tools with little knowledge Signup and view all the answers

Match the following forms of attack to their examples:

Social engineering = Creating a fabricated scenario to gain trust Phishing attack = Phishing email asking for login credentials Attacks via malware = Malware hidden inside legitimate applications Insider threat = Gaining access with an employee's consent Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cryptographic terms to their processes:

A technique to obscure messages = Using random data in hashing A method for enforcing stronger keys = Cryptographic process of producing fixed outputs The act of breaking encrypted systems = Encrypting fixed-size blocks of data Two key encryption method = Adding random data to a password before hashing Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)

A highly sophisticated group of attackers often linked to government agencies, frequently engaged in espionage and state-sponsored hacking.

Cryptanalysis

The process of intercepting encrypted communication to decode and read the messages.

Steganography

A cryptographic technique where data is concealed within seemingly harmless content, such as images, audio, or video, to hide the true message.

Asymmetric Key Encryption

A type of cryptography employing a key pair, allowing one key to encrypt data and the other to decrypt it. One key is kept private, while the other is made public. This ensures only the authorized recipient can decrypt the message.