Questions and Answers
List the six types of chemical reactions.
Combustion, Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Displacement, Double Displacement, Acid-Base
Describe a combustion reaction.
A combustion reaction occurs when oxygen combines with another compound to form water and carbon dioxide, producing heat.
Describe a synthesis reaction.
A synthesis reaction occurs when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one.
What is the general form of a synthesis reaction?
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Describe a decomposition reaction.
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What is the general form of a decomposition reaction?
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Describe a single displacement reaction.
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What is the general form of a single displacement reaction?
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Describe a double displacement reaction.
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What is the general form of a double displacement reaction?
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Describe an acid-base reaction.
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What is the general form of an acid-base reaction?
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What kind of reaction is this? 2H2O --> 2H2 + O2
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What kind of reaction is this? C10H8 + 12O2 --> 10CO2 + 4H2O
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What kind of reaction is this? Mg + 2H2O --> Mg(OH)2 + H2
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What kind of reaction is this? HBr + NaOH --> NaBr + H2O
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What kind of reaction is this? 8Fe + S8 --> 8FeS
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What kind of reaction is this? Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI --> PbI2 + 2KNO3
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Decomposition of a carbonate yields...
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Decomposition of a chlorate yields...
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What is the reactivity series of elements?
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From most reactive to least reactive, list the halogen reactivity series.
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Keeping the Halogen Reactivity Series in mind, what kind of reaction is this, and what would it yield? Br2 + 2NaCl --> ___ + ___
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Study Notes
Types of Chemical Reactions
- Six main types of chemical reactions: Combustion, Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Displacement, Double Displacement, Acid-Base.
Combustion Reaction
- Involves oxygen combining with a compound to produce water and carbon dioxide.
- Exothermic process; generates heat.
Synthesis Reaction
- Two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complex compound.
- General formula: A + B → AB.
Decomposition Reaction
- A complex molecule breaks down into simpler ones.
- General formula: AB → A + B.
Single Displacement Reaction
- Occurs when one element in a compound is replaced by another element.
- General formula: A + BC → AC + B.
Double Displacement Reaction
- Involves the exchange of anions and cations between two compounds, forming new compounds.
- General formula: AB + CD → AD + CB.
Acid-Base Reaction
- A specific type of double displacement reaction between an acid and a base.
- Reaction results in water and an ionic salt.
- General formula: HA + BOH → H2O + BA.
Example Reactions
- Decomposition: 2H2O → 2H2 + O2.
- Combustion: C10H8 + 12O2 → 10CO2 + 4H2O.
- Single Displacement: Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2.
- Acid-Base Reaction: HBr + NaOH → NaBr + H2O.
- Synthesis: 8Fe + S8 → 8FeS.
- Double Displacement: Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI → PbI2 + 2KNO3.
Decomposition Products
- Carbonate decomposition yields a metal oxide and carbon dioxide (e.g., CaCO3 → CaO + CO2).
- Chlorate decomposition results in a metal chloride and oxygen gas (e.g., 2KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2).
Reactivity Series
- A comparative measure of the reactivity of elements.
- Notable halogen reactivity series from most to least reactive:
- Fluorine
- Chlorine
- Bromine
- Iodine.
Single Replacement Example
- For the reaction Br2 + 2NaCl, produces Cl2 + 2NaBr as a result.
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Description
Explore the essential types of chemical reactions with these flashcards. Learn definitions and descriptions for combustion, synthesis, decomposition, and more. Perfect for chemistry students looking to solidify their understanding of reaction types.
