Types of Cement: Aluminum Sulphate vs Rapid Hardening Cement

The standard specifies that the loss on ignition (LOI) should not exceed ___ percent.

Amount of Silica: W = W2 - W__

Silica in cement ranges from ___% - ___%

Heat the residue at ___°C to ___°C until constant weight is achieved (W1).

Treat the ignited residue with hydrofluoric acid and sulphuric acid, then heat and weigh it again (W__).

Combined ferric oxide and alumina (%) = weight of residue x ___

Titrate the solution with standard potassium permanganate solution until a permanent ______ color appears.

Ferric Oxide % should not exceed 6% of the ______.

ALUMINA Measures the percentage of ______ in the cement.

The remainder will be weight of ______.

In standard cement, the percentage of Alumina ranges from 1% to 4% of the weight of ______.

In Portland cement clinker, the aluminium ratio is usually between 1 and ______.

Add 10mL of hot barium chloride (100 g per litre) solution drop by drop and the boiling is continued until the precipitate is well formed. ______

Steam bathed the solution for 4 hours or preferably overnight. The precipitate is filtered again and washed thoroughly. Place the filter paper and the contents in a weighed platinum or porcelain crucible and slowly incinerate the paper without inflaming. Ignite it at 800 to 900 degree Celsius. Let it cooled in desiccator and weight the barium sulphate. ______

Use the weight of the barium sulphate to calculate the sulphuric anhydride content of the cement. ______

Get the percentage of the Sulphuric Anhydride by multiplying the weight of residue by 34.3. Importance of Sulphuric Anhydride in Cement It makes the cement ______.

Sulphuric anhydride in cement should be less than 2.5 percent. If there is excess quantity the cement becomes ______.

Use the filter paper containing the W4 in test for sulfur anhydride. Digest it in 30 mL of hot water and 30 mL of sodium carbonate solution maintaining constant volume. Heat the solution for 10 minutes at temperature short for boiling. ______

Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 1 CEMENT SLURRY IS USED FOR FILLING CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES The slurry is mixed to a specific consistency, often resembling a thick paste, to effectively fill ____. Mission cracks and voids in concrete structures. Its primary purpose is to improve the structural integrity of the concrete by preventing further water ingress, reducing the risk of corrosion, and restoring the appearance of the surface.

Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 2 CEMENT MORTAR IS USED FOR MASONRY WORK, PLASTERING AND POINTING It provides a strong bond between bricks or stones in masonry work, ensuring structural integrity and stability.

Examples of such structures include canals, culverts, and other projects where exposure to high levels of sulphates is expected. 2A FLY ASH BLENDED CEMENT Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 1 CEMENT SLURRY IS USED FOR FILLING CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES The slurry is mixed to a specific consistency, often resembling a thick paste, to effectively fill cracks and ______ in concrete structures. Its primary purpose is to improve the structural integrity of the concrete by preventing further water ingress, reducing the risk of corrosion, and restoring the appearance of the surface.

Examples of such structures include canals, culverts, and other projects where exposure to high levels of sulphates is expected. 2A FLY ASH BLENDED CEMENT Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 1 CEMENT SLURRY IS USED FOR FILLING CRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES The slurry is mixed to a specific consistency, often resembling a thick paste, to effectively fill cracks and ____ in concrete structures. Its primary purpose is to improve the structural integrity of the concrete by preventing further water ingress, reducing the risk of corrosion, and restoring the appearance of the surface.

Examples of such structures include canals, culverts, and other projects where exposure to high levels of sulphates is expected. 2A FLY ASH BLENDED CEMENT Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 2 CEMENT MORTAR IS USED FOR MASONRY WORK, PLASTERING AND POINTING It provides a strong bond between bricks or stones in ____ work, ensuring structural integrity and stability.

Examples of such structures include canals, culverts, and other projects where exposure to high levels of sulphates is expected. 2A FLY ASH BLENDED CEMENT Fly ash is a byproduct of thermal stations and can cause air pollution if not properly disposed of. Cement factories now blend fly ash with cement to mitigate environmental impacts and improve cement quality. Fly ash blended cements typically use 20 to 30% fly ash and exhibit superior resistance to weathering, though initial strength gain may be slower compared to ordinary Portland cement. Some examples of branded fly ash blended cements include Hirla Plus, Birla Star, and ACC Suraksha. USES OF CEMENT 2A 1 CEMENT SLURRY IS USED FOR FILLING ____ IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES The slurry is mixed to a specific consistency, often resembling a thick paste, to effectively fill cracks and voids in concrete structures. Its primary purpose is to improve the structural integrity of the concrete by preventing further water ingress, reducing the risk of corrosion, and restoring the appearance of the surface.

Mission aluminum sulphate Finer grinding adds to quick setting property Starts setting within 5 minutes after adding water and becomes hard mass within 30 minutes Used to lay concrete under static or slow running water 2A RAPID HARDENING CEMENT Produces by increasing lime content and burning at high temperature Initial and final setting time of this ______ is the same as portland ______ but develops higher rate of gain of strength Gains strength rapidly on the early stages of hydration and continues to gain strength over time 2A LOW HEAT CEMENT Specialized type of ______ designed to generate less heat during hydration processs Suitable for mass concrete pours and structures where temperature differentials need to be minimized to prevent cracking Contains low percentage (5%) of tricalcium aluminate and higher percentage (46%) of dicalcium silicate 2A POZZOLANA CEMENT Volcanic powder found in Italy Can be processed from shales and certain types of clay Resist actions of sulphate Releases less heat during setting Imparts higher degree of water tigthness Used for mass concrete works Used in sewage line works 2A EXPANDING CEMENT It expands 02.

Initial and final setting time of this ______ is the same as portland ______ but develops higher rate of gain of strength. Gains strength rapidly on the early stages of hydration and continues to gain strength over time. 2A LOW HEAT CEMENT. Specialized type of ______ designed to generate less heat during hydration process. Suitable for mass concrete pours and structures where temperature differentials need to be minimized to prevent cracking. Contains low percentage (5%) of tricalcium aluminate and higher percentage (46%) of dicalcium silicate

Volcanic powder found in Italy. Can be processed from shales and certain types of clay. Resist actions of sulphate. Releases less heat during setting. Imparts higher degree of water tightness. Used for mass concrete works. Used in sewage line works. 2A POZZOLANA CEMENT

It expands. 2A EXPANDING CEMENT

Measures the percentage of ______ in the cement.

In Portland cement clinker, the aluminium ratio is usually between 1 and ______.

Silica in cement ranges from ___% - ___%