Plant Diversity Lecture Week 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the major difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms?

  • Gymnosperms have flowers while angiosperms do not.
  • Gymnosperms have vascular tissue while angiosperms do not.
  • Angiosperms produce seeds enclosed in fruits, unlike gymnosperms. (correct)
  • Angiosperms do not require water for reproduction, unlike gymnosperms.

What is the primary reason why bryophytes cannot transport water efficiently?

  • Absence of vascular tissue (correct)
  • Over-reliance on asexual reproduction
  • Lack of flowers for water uptake
  • Inability to produce seeds

Which type of plant has an improved vascular tissue compared to others?

  • Gymnosperms
  • Seedless vascular plants
  • Bryophytes
  • Angiosperms (correct)

Which of the following is not a characteristic of all plants?

<p>'Naked' seeds on cones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of plants require water for reproduction?

<p>Angiosperms and gymnosperms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes angiosperms from gymnosperms regarding seed production?

<p>Gymnosperms have naked seeds while angiosperms have seeds enclosed in fruits. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which plant type has the ability to perform both sexual and asexual reproduction?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following has/have been addressed through the development of genetically modified plants?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cellulose is found in the cell walls of...

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quinine and ephedrine...

<p>... are alkaloids with medicinal uses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mosses are...

<p>bryophytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When and how did bryophytes evolve?

<p>Evolved 450 million years ago from green algae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which were the first land plants?

<p>Bryophytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group can serve as effective bioindicators of air quality?

<p>Byrophhytes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group shows the greatest potential to acclimate to global warming?

<p>Bryophytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct statement?

<p>Bryophytes are transitional between the charophycean green algae (charophytes) and the vascular plants. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bryophytes contain --- chlorophyll along with carotenoids.

<p>Two of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a similarity between bryophytes and green algae?

<p>Cell walls do not contain cellulose. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bryophytes have many similarities to vascular plants. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

<p>None of the above/ All are correct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bryophytes have many similarities to vascular plants. Which of the following is false?

<p>A layer of spores protects multicellular sporangia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are NOT challenges for life on land for plants?

<p>Too much access to nutrients and energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are many challenges to life on land for plants. Which solution helps the plant with sexual reproduction?

<p>flowers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are many challenges to life on land for plants. Which solution helps the plant with desiccation?

<p>epidermis, stomata and cuticle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are many challenges to life on land for plants. Which solution helps the plant with transport?

<p>Xylem and Phloem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are many challenges to life on land for plants. Which solution helps the plant with support?

<p>lignin and wood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are many challenges to life on land for plants. Which solution helps the plant with dispersal?

<p>Seeds and fruit (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are five important characteristics of plants; which of the following is correct?

<p>Plants have a multicellular embryo protected within the female parent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are five important characteristics of plants; which of the following is incorrect?

<p>Plant cell walls contain very little cellulose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

This question is about alternation of generations in bryophytes. Which of the following is correct?

<p>Diploid sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

This question is about alternation of generations in bryophytes. Which of the following is correct?

<p>Haploid gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

This question is about alternation of generations in bryophytes. Which of the following is INCORRECT?

<p>Spores grow in sporophytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When talking about alternation of generations, which of the following is correct?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is false when talking about bryophytes gametophytes?

<p>Antheridia- gametangia producing eggs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is false when talking about bryophytes sporophytes?

<p>Plant spore cell walls contain sporopollenin to help with reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sporophytes and gametophytes are...

<p>Sporophytes are 2N or diploid. Gametophytes are 1N or haploid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In bryophytes, which structure(s) are on the tips of separate gametophyte thalli?

<p>All of the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does reproduction in mosses occur?

<p>When the thallus is covered in free-standing water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not grouped under the bryophytes?

<p>Ferns (Pteridophyta) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phylum is the earliest living plant most closely related to green algae?

<p>Marchantiophyta (Liverworts)` (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many species of Liverworts (Marchantiophyta) are there?

<p>5200 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dominant generation in liverworts such as Marchantia?

<p>Gametophyte (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in Marchantia bears the gametangia?

<p>Gametophores (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of asexual reproduction in Marchantia?

<p>Simple fragmentation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which generation in Marchantia is initiated with fertilization?

<p>Sporophyte (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attaches the maturing sporophyte to the gametophyte in Marchantia?

<p>Sporophyte foot (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the conducting tissue in mosses?

<p>Transporting water and nutrients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of mosses contains the vast majority of moss species?

<p>Bryidae (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinctive feature of sporophytes in Sphagnum moss?

<p>Red to blackish-brown capsules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common use of Sphagnum moss?

<p>Anti-inflammatory medication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pseudopodium in sphagnum moss?

<p>Reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique feature of granite mosses that allows them to adapt to hostile environments?

<p>Survival under extreme conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of Granite Mosses (Rock Mosses)?

<p>They have four vertical slits on the sporangium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of leptoids in True Mosses?

<p>Food conduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is fertilization achieved in True Mosses?

<p>With sperm swimming down a tube in the archegonium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does meiosis occur in True Mosses to produce haploid spores?

<p>Sporangium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the calyptra in True Mosses?

<p>Protects the sporangium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of paraphyses in bryophytes?

<p>Protection and water retention (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are antheridia clustered in bryophytes?

<p>Leafy structures called splash cups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of sperm dispersal in bryophytes?

<p>By splashing out from splash cups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do gametophytes of hornworts (Phylum Anthocerophyta) differ from other bryophytes?

<p>They are more vertical than horizontal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bryophytes are thought to have evolved from?

<p>Green Algae (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Bryophytes, the gametophyte is...

<p>Haploid and dominant (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Both mosses and flowering plants...

<p>have multicellular embryos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Prokaryotes include...

<p>Bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these statements is false about sphagnum moss?

<p>It contains substances that promote the rapid decay of organisms that die in it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Peat moss (sphagnum)...

<p>both B and C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about members of the genus Marchantia?

<p>Both B and C (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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