Adult health: Burns
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Questions and Answers

What type of symptoms may occur in the neurologic system during the acute phase?

  • Disorientation, combative, and hallucinations (correct)
  • Fatigue, muscle weakness, and joint pain
  • Fever, cough, and sore throat
  • Nausea, dizziness, and headache
  • What is a typical symptom of the musculoskeletal system during the acute phase?

  • Delirium
  • Paralytic ileus
  • Hallucinations
  • Limited range of motion (ROM) (correct)
  • Which system is likely to experience disorientation and hallucinations during the acute phase?

  • Respiratory system
  • Gastrointestinal system
  • Neurologic system (correct)
  • Musculoskeletal system
  • What is a potential complication that can last for years in older adults during the acute phase?

    <p>Delirium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition might lead to skin and joint contractures in the musculoskeletal system during the acute phase?

    <p>Limited ROM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What size IV lines are recommended for burns greater than 15% TBSA during the emergent phase?

    <p>Large-bore IV lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a central line be considered for burns treatment?

    <p>For burns greater than 20% TBSA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which situation would an arterial line be placed during burns treatment?

    <p>If frequent ABGs are needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula is used for fluid replacement during the emergent phase of burns?

    <p>Parkland (Baxter) formula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where can wound care like cleansing and gentle debridement be performed during the emergent phase of burns management?

    <p>On a shower cart, in a shower, or on a bed/stretcher</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically done in necrotic skin removal during surgical debridement of burns?

    <p>Releasing escharotomies and fasciotomies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often is dressing change recommended during wound care in the emergent phase?

    <p>Once-daily shower with dressing change in morning only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For how long can newer antimicrobial dressings typically be left in place during wound care?

    <p>From 3 to 14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of edema from facial and neck burns?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury may not manifest until 12 to 48 hours after a burn?

    <p>Lower airway injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential sign of lower airway injury that should be assessed for?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between tissue damage in lower airway injury and exposure to toxic fumes or smoke?

    <p>Tissue damage increases with longer exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of injury may result in direct damage to nerves and vessels?

    <p>Electrical burn injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may be a consequence of eschar and edema in upper airway injuries?

    <p>Compromised breathing due to compromised airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom may manifest as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in lower airway injury?

    <p>Carbonaceous sputum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate drug therapy for a burn patient with suspected sepsis?

    <p>Systemic broad-spectrum antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about tetanus immunization in burn patients is correct?

    <p>It is given routinely to all burn patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using topical antimicrobial agents like silver sulfadiazine or mafenide acetate in burn patients?

    <p>To control the burn wound flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in burn patients is correct?

    <p>Intermittent pneumatic compression devices or graduated compression stockings are recommended for patients with a high bleeding risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate initial approach for managing burn wound flora?

    <p>Topical antimicrobial agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of systemic antibiotics in burn patients is correct?

    <p>They are not usually used for controlling burn wound flora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern for the burn patient described as reporting severe pain and expressing fear regarding healing and future?

    <p>Psychological distress and anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of low-molecular-weight heparin or low-dose unfractionated heparin in burn patients is correct?

    <p>It is used as a prophylactic measure against venous thromboembolism (VTE)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for providing early and aggressive nutritional support within hours of a burn injury?

    <p>To optimize burn wound healing and minimize hypermetabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the hypermetabolic state associated with burn injuries?

    <p>Resting metabolic expenditure is increased by 50% to 100% above normal, and core temperature is increased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nutritional intervention is recommended for promoting optimal conditions for wound healing in burn patients?

    <p>Early, continuous enteral feeding with adequate calories and protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which finding in M.K., a burn patient, is of most concern to the nurse when monitoring initial fluid replacement?

    <p>Tachycardia and hypotension despite fluid resuscitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines contribute to the hypermetabolic state in burn patients?

    <p>Stimulating catabolism and breakdown of lean body mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the importance of early and aggressive nutritional support in burn patients?

    <p>It promotes wound healing and minimizes the negative effects of hypermetabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which additional nutritional supplementation may be required for burn patients?

    <p>Supplemental vitamins and iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increased core temperature observed in the hypermetabolic state associated with burn injuries?

    <p>Increased metabolic rate and energy expenditure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat?

    <p>Burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of thermal burns?

    <p>Hot liquids (scalds)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the heart's inability to pump blood forward known as in cardiogenic shock?

    <p>Systolic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of burn injury occurs due to exposure to chemicals?

    <p>Chemical burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a condition resulting from exposure to toxic fumes or smoke during a burn?

    <p>Lower airway injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of dysfunction characterizes cardiogenic shock?

    <p>Systolic or diastolic dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation might smoke inhalation injury occur?

    <p>Exposure to toxic fumes or smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of burn injury results from being exposed to electrical current?

    <p>(Electrical) Burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Chemical burns' are primarily caused by what substance?

    <p>(Chemicals)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Cold thermal injury' can occur due to exposure to what?

    <p>(Cold) Weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is considered more accurate for assessing the extent of burns?

    <p>Lund-Browder chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication that burns on the chest can pose?

    <p>Respiratory obstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of burn management focuses on resolving immediate problems within the first 72 hours post-injury?

    <p>Emergent phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In burn patients, what might be a consequence of infection during the acute phase?

    <p>Worsened cardiovascular complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of risk factors are considered for burn patients in the prehospital phase?

    <p>Patient-specific risk factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is vulnerable to complications like skin and joint contractures during the rehabilitation phase for burn patients?

    <p>Musculoskeletal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant emotional need post-burn injury that patients and caregivers may experience?

    <p>Feelings of guilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which patient factor can impact the severity of burns?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication in burn patients during the emergent phase that affects multiple systems?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is commonly used in wound care to address full-thickness burns during the acute phase?

    <p>Debridement and grafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

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