Adult health: Burns
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Questions and Answers

What type of symptoms may occur in the neurologic system during the acute phase?

  • Disorientation, combative, and hallucinations (correct)
  • Fatigue, muscle weakness, and joint pain
  • Fever, cough, and sore throat
  • Nausea, dizziness, and headache

What is a typical symptom of the musculoskeletal system during the acute phase?

  • Delirium
  • Paralytic ileus
  • Hallucinations
  • Limited range of motion (ROM) (correct)

Which system is likely to experience disorientation and hallucinations during the acute phase?

  • Respiratory system
  • Gastrointestinal system
  • Neurologic system (correct)
  • Musculoskeletal system

What is a potential complication that can last for years in older adults during the acute phase?

<p>Delirium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition might lead to skin and joint contractures in the musculoskeletal system during the acute phase?

<p>Limited ROM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What size IV lines are recommended for burns greater than 15% TBSA during the emergent phase?

<p>Large-bore IV lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should a central line be considered for burns treatment?

<p>For burns greater than 20% TBSA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which situation would an arterial line be placed during burns treatment?

<p>If frequent ABGs are needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used for fluid replacement during the emergent phase of burns?

<p>Parkland (Baxter) formula (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can wound care like cleansing and gentle debridement be performed during the emergent phase of burns management?

<p>On a shower cart, in a shower, or on a bed/stretcher (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically done in necrotic skin removal during surgical debridement of burns?

<p>Releasing escharotomies and fasciotomies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often is dressing change recommended during wound care in the emergent phase?

<p>Once-daily shower with dressing change in morning only (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For how long can newer antimicrobial dressings typically be left in place during wound care?

<p>From 3 to 14 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of edema from facial and neck burns?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of injury may not manifest until 12 to 48 hours after a burn?

<p>Lower airway injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential sign of lower airway injury that should be assessed for?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between tissue damage in lower airway injury and exposure to toxic fumes or smoke?

<p>Tissue damage increases with longer exposure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of injury may result in direct damage to nerves and vessels?

<p>Electrical burn injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be a consequence of eschar and edema in upper airway injuries?

<p>Compromised breathing due to compromised airway (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom may manifest as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in lower airway injury?

<p>Carbonaceous sputum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate drug therapy for a burn patient with suspected sepsis?

<p>Systemic broad-spectrum antibiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about tetanus immunization in burn patients is correct?

<p>It is given routinely to all burn patients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using topical antimicrobial agents like silver sulfadiazine or mafenide acetate in burn patients?

<p>To control the burn wound flora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis in burn patients is correct?

<p>Intermittent pneumatic compression devices or graduated compression stockings are recommended for patients with a high bleeding risk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate initial approach for managing burn wound flora?

<p>Topical antimicrobial agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the use of systemic antibiotics in burn patients is correct?

<p>They are not usually used for controlling burn wound flora (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern for the burn patient described as reporting severe pain and expressing fear regarding healing and future?

<p>Psychological distress and anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the use of low-molecular-weight heparin or low-dose unfractionated heparin in burn patients is correct?

<p>It is used as a prophylactic measure against venous thromboembolism (VTE) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for providing early and aggressive nutritional support within hours of a burn injury?

<p>To optimize burn wound healing and minimize hypermetabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the hypermetabolic state associated with burn injuries?

<p>Resting metabolic expenditure is increased by 50% to 100% above normal, and core temperature is increased. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nutritional intervention is recommended for promoting optimal conditions for wound healing in burn patients?

<p>Early, continuous enteral feeding with adequate calories and protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which finding in M.K., a burn patient, is of most concern to the nurse when monitoring initial fluid replacement?

<p>Tachycardia and hypotension despite fluid resuscitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which catecholamines contribute to the hypermetabolic state in burn patients?

<p>Stimulating catabolism and breakdown of lean body mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the importance of early and aggressive nutritional support in burn patients?

<p>It promotes wound healing and minimizes the negative effects of hypermetabolism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which additional nutritional supplementation may be required for burn patients?

<p>Supplemental vitamins and iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increased core temperature observed in the hypermetabolic state associated with burn injuries?

<p>Increased metabolic rate and energy expenditure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes an injury to the skin or other organic tissue primarily caused by heat?

<p>Burns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of thermal burns?

<p>Hot liquids (scalds) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the heart's inability to pump blood forward known as in cardiogenic shock?

<p>Systolic dysfunction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of burn injury occurs due to exposure to chemicals?

<p>Chemical burns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a condition resulting from exposure to toxic fumes or smoke during a burn?

<p>Lower airway injury (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dysfunction characterizes cardiogenic shock?

<p>Systolic or diastolic dysfunction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what situation might smoke inhalation injury occur?

<p>Exposure to toxic fumes or smoke (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of burn injury results from being exposed to electrical current?

<p>(Electrical) Burns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Chemical burns' are primarily caused by what substance?

<p>(Chemicals) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Cold thermal injury' can occur due to exposure to what?

<p>(Cold) Weather conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is considered more accurate for assessing the extent of burns?

<p>Lund-Browder chart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication that burns on the chest can pose?

<p>Respiratory obstruction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of burn management focuses on resolving immediate problems within the first 72 hours post-injury?

<p>Emergent phase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In burn patients, what might be a consequence of infection during the acute phase?

<p>Worsened cardiovascular complications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of risk factors are considered for burn patients in the prehospital phase?

<p>Patient-specific risk factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which system is vulnerable to complications like skin and joint contractures during the rehabilitation phase for burn patients?

<p>Musculoskeletal system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant emotional need post-burn injury that patients and caregivers may experience?

<p>Feelings of guilt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient factor can impact the severity of burns?

<p>Age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication in burn patients during the emergent phase that affects multiple systems?

<p>Metabolic acidosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is commonly used in wound care to address full-thickness burns during the acute phase?

<p>Debridement and grafting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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