Chapter 6: Foundations

What method is commonly used to observe and measure soil qualities, water table, and frost line?

Which of the following properties is NOT typically considered in assessing soil?

What do shallow foundations directly transfer to the soil?

Influential variables for the frost line depth include all of the following EXCEPT:

What do strata refer to in terms of soil layers?

Which of the following is matched to the loads supported above them in shallow foundations?

What kind of structures use reinforced concrete footings in shallow foundations?

'Strata' refers to which of the following in terms of soil assessment?

'Water table' in soil assessment refers to which of the following?

What is one way to determine soil properties, water table, and frost line?

What is a mat slab foundation?

What is the purpose of a wall footing in a building?

What is the function of a column footing?

What is the purpose of pile foundations?

When is a mat slab foundation suitable for use?

What distinguishes a grillage footing from other types of footings?

In what situations are deep foundations typically used?

What is the function of piers in foundation construction?

What are caissons in foundation construction?

How do floating foundations distribute weight?

What type of foundation walls are made of concrete and masonry?

Which foundation wall type is most suitable for light frame construction?

What is the purpose of using Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) in foundation walls?

Settlement of a foundation can result in which of the following?

What is the role of underpinning in relation to a foundation?

Which material is NOT typically used in the construction of foundation walls?

What is the primary function of shoring in construction?

What may result from differential settlement of a foundation?

What is the primary purpose of using hollow foam blocks in Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) construction?

Which of the following is a common symptom of building settlement?

What is the primary purpose of using mat slab foundations?

Which of the following best describes a wall footing?

In foundation construction, what is the main function of piers?

Why are timber piles still used in some cases for foundation support?

What distinguishes a grillage footing from other types of footings?

What role do deep foundations play when shallow foundations cannot be used?

How do floating foundations ensure stability for a building?

When are piles typically used in foundation construction?

What is a common characteristic of post-and-pier foundations?

Why might caissons be mentioned in foundation construction?

What is the maximum depth that test pits can reach when assessing soil properties?

In foundation construction, what is the primary role of reinforced concrete footings in shallow foundations?

What is the main factor influencing the common depth at which soil water freezes, known as the frost line?

What do specialized footings in shallow foundations aim to match with the loads supported above them?

What do test borings provide information on that test pits may not reach deep enough to observe?

Which factor influences the highest level of groundwater saturation in subsurface materials, known as the water table?

In foundation construction, what are shallow foundations primarily responsible for in relation to the building's weight?

What type of layer does 'stratum' refer to when describing rock or earth in soil layers?

Which type of foundation walls may develop visible cracks over time but usually do not significantly affect their load-bearing ability?

What kind of deformation is associated with 'heaving' in a building's structural elements?

Which foundation wall type is usually found only in older buildings and may or may not include mortar in its construction?

What is the primary reason for underpinning an existing foundation?

Which construction technique uses hollow foam blocks filled with concrete to create structural supports?

What is the term used for the downward deformation of a building's structural elements?

'Shoring' in construction refers to which type of supports?

'Differential settlement' can result in significant misalignment of structural members due to which of the following?

How are Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) blocks used in foundation walls?

What is the main material used in Insulated Concrete Form (ICF) construction?

What do test pits provide information on that test borings may not reach deep enough to observe?

Which factor determines the depth of foundations?

What influences the common depth at which ground water in soil will freeze, known as the frost line?

What do shallow foundations primarily transfer the weight of the building to?

What do specialized types of footings in shallow foundations aim to match with the loads supported above them?

Which type of foundation depth is influenced by lateral forces and building codes?

What influences the highest level of ground water saturation of subsurface materials?

What do test borings provide information on regarding soil properties?

What is the main function of reinforced concrete footings in shallow foundations?

What does water table refer to in relation to subsurface materials?

What type of foundation has a thick slab beneath the entire area of a building?

Which foundation type uses a system of upright posts mounted to wedge-shaped concrete piers for transferring the weight of the structure to the ground?

What is characteristic of caissons in foundation construction?

In foundation construction, what distinguishes a mat slab foundation from a simple slab foundation?

What distinguishes wall footing from column footing in shallow foundations?

What type of foundation is designed to transmit loads over a wider area similar to a column footing?

When the load-bearing capacity of the soil is insufficient for heavy weights, what must be done with the footing?

'Belled' piers are associated with which type of foundation elements?

'Floating foundations' ensure stability by:

What distinguishes 'deep foundations' from 'shallow foundations'?

What is the primary difference between shoring and underpinning in construction?

Which foundation wall type may be found in older buildings and does not necessarily include mortar?

What is the main function of caissons in foundation construction?

Which symptom might indicate significant structural damage due to building settlement?

What type of construction technique uses hollow foam blocks filled with concrete to form structural supports?