Bridges Quiz: Types of Bridges and Structures

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Questions and Answers

Which bridge type is represented by the Brooklyn Bridge in New York?

Suspension bridge (correct)

Cable stayed bridge

Arch bridge

Truss bridge

What is the example provided for a truss bridge in the text?

Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge

New Orleans through truss bridge (correct)

Abay bridge

Temcha bridge

Which superstructure material is NOT mentioned in the text as part of the assembly of design criteria for building a bridge?

Steel

Plastic (correct)

Masonry

Concrete

In a cable stayed bridge, what provides support to the deck?

Cables attached to towers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common element considered during the design phase of a bridge project?

Traffic lights placement Signup and view all the answers

Which bridge type is represented by the Hidassie bridge mentioned in the text?

Cable stayed bridge Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bridge features a single arched structure supporting the entire bridge deck?

Arch bridge Signup and view all the answers

In bridge construction, which material is commonly used for the superstructure of a composite bridge?

Steel Signup and view all the answers

What type of bridge is characterized by its triangular framework of connected elements?

Truss bridge Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bridge relies on cables attached to towers for support?

Suspension bridge Signup and view all the answers

What type of superstructure material is commonly used in slab bridges?

Reinforced concrete Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the part of a bridge project that includes the roadway or railway track on which vehicles or trains pass?

Superstructure Signup and view all the answers

What is a design objective to improve the appearance of bridges?

Avoiding round or square columns Signup and view all the answers

Why should all columns or piers be of the same size in bridge design?

To enhance aesthetics and reusability of formwork Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using ledges in bridge design?

To enhance the visual appeal by breaking large expanses of concrete Signup and view all the answers

In bridge design, why should the sides of box girders be sloped back under the bridge and given edges with a fillet?

To enhance appearance and reduce the apparent depth Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in the design philosophy regarding bridges fitting their surroundings?

Bridges should blend in and look like they belong Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of defining fatigue and fracture limit states in bridge design?

To restrict stress range and ensure structural survival during extreme events Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Bridge Types

Arch bridge: example is Abay bridge on Goha Tsion – Dejen road, Temcha bridge
Truss bridge: example is New Orleans through truss bridge
Suspension bridge: example is Brooklyn bridge, New York
Truss arch bridge: example is New River gorge bridge, USA
Cable stayed bridge: examples are Hidassie bridge and Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge, Japan

Elements of a Bridge Project

Feasibility phase: determines if the bridge is viable or not
Assembly of design criteria: focus on establishing design standards and data collection
Design phase: performs design per the established design standard and data collected
Construction phase: implementation of the designed works
Performance phase: operational and maintenance

Assembly of Design Criteria

Data and properties on the material to be used (e.g. steel, concrete, timber, masonry)
Foundation considerations (e.g. hydraulic, flood, scour)
Loading and design criteria
Clearance height and width (e.g. for navigation or traffic)
Criteria for gradients, alignment, etc.
Hazards (e.g. impact, accident)
Data collection (e.g. maps, condition survey)
Topographical surveys
Hydrological survey and information
Geological and geotechnical information
Site investigation requirements for soil and rock evaluation
Meteorological and aerodynamic data
Likely budget

Introduction to Bridges

A bridge is a structure providing passage over an obstacle (e.g. river, valley, road, railway line)
The passage may be for a highway, railway traffic, pedestrian, canal, or pipe line
Bridge engineering is a fascinating field in civil engineering, requiring expertise in many areas (e.g. structural analysis, geotechniques, traffic projection, surveying, runoff calculation, construction methods)

Components of a Bridge

Classified according to the material of construction of superstructure (e.g. timber, steel, reinforced concrete, pre-stressed concrete, composite bridge)
Classified according to the form or type of superstructure (e.g. slab, girder, truss, arch, cable stayed, suspension bridge)

Design Objectives

Pleasing shapes: avoid stereotyped round or square columns and flat soffits to improve appearance
Make all columns or piers of the same size for aesthetics and reusability of formwork
Use ledges to break large expanses of concrete
Slope the sides of box girders back under the bridge and give the edges a fillet to diminish the apparent depth
Compatibility: bridges should fit their surroundings, they should look like they belong to the surrounding

Design Philosophy

Different limit states may be defined, including:
- Fatigue and fracture limit state
- Extreme event limit states (e.g. ensure the structural survival of a bridge during a major earthquake or flood, or when collided by a vehicle, vessel, possibly under scoured conditions)

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Description

Test your knowledge on different types of bridges with examples like Abay Bridge, Brooklyn Bridge, and New River Gorge Bridge. Identify arch bridges, truss bridges, suspension bridges, and cable-stayed bridges in this quiz.

Types of Bridges Quiz

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