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Questions and Answers
What are the five types of bones?
What are the five types of bones?
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, sesamoid bones, irregular bones
What are the defining characteristics of long bones?
What are the defining characteristics of long bones?
Longer than they are wide, have a shaft (diaphysis) and bulky ends (epiphysis) with a growth plate (epiphyseal plate) where growth occurs
Where are short bones typically found?
Where are short bones typically found?
Ankles and wrists
What is the function of flat bones?
What is the function of flat bones?
What is the role of sesamoid bones?
What is the role of sesamoid bones?
What occurs during the activation stage of bone remodeling?
What occurs during the activation stage of bone remodeling?
What is the outcome of the mineralization stage of bone remodeling?
What is the outcome of the mineralization stage of bone remodeling?
How does exercise contribute to bone strength?
How does exercise contribute to bone strength?
Which bone is considered the longest and strongest in the human body?
Which bone is considered the longest and strongest in the human body?
Which part of the skeleton is primarily responsible for protection and is comprised of approximately 80 fused bones?
Which part of the skeleton is primarily responsible for protection and is comprised of approximately 80 fused bones?
What is the main function of the clavicle in the human body?
What is the main function of the clavicle in the human body?
Which bone is sometimes referred to as the "funny bone"?
Which bone is sometimes referred to as the "funny bone"?
Where are the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges located in the human body?
Where are the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges located in the human body?
What are the bones that protect the reproductive organs in the human body?
What are the bones that protect the reproductive organs in the human body?
What is the function of the axial skeleton in the human body?
What is the function of the axial skeleton in the human body?
How many bones make up the vertebral column?
How many bones make up the vertebral column?
What are the bones that form the shoulder girdle?
What are the bones that form the shoulder girdle?
Where are the sacrum and coccyx classified in terms of the vertebral column?
Where are the sacrum and coccyx classified in terms of the vertebral column?
What is the composition of the hand in terms of bones?
What is the composition of the hand in terms of bones?
Which bone is known as the thigh bone in the human body?
Which bone is known as the thigh bone in the human body?
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Study Notes
- Five types of bones: long bones, short bones, flat bones, sesamoid bones, irregular bones
- Long bones: longer than they are wide, have a shaft (diaphysis) and bulky ends (epiphysis) with a growth plate (epiphyseal plate) where growth occurs
- Short bones: roughly cubic shaped, function as weight-bearers, found in ankles and wrists
- Flat bones: thin and flattened, function for protection, examples include the cranium and sternum
- Sesamoid bones: embedded in tendons, reduce friction and protect, example is the patella in the knee
- Irregular bones: do not fit into other categories, individualized functions, example is a vertebra
- Bone remodeling: occurs when bones are placed under stress, causes micro fractures, healed by the body, bones become stronger
- Exercise causes micro fractures which are then healed, making bones stronger
- Five stages of bone remodeling: activation, resorption, reversal, mineralization, quiescence
- Activation: damage occurs, signal is sent, osteoclasts arrive
- Resorption: osteoclasts dig a cavity, break down old bone
- Reversal: osteoclasts die, debris is removed, osteoblasts arrive
- Mineralization: osteoblasts fill in the cavity with a mineralized matrix, making new bone strong and durable
- Quiescence: bone is healed and stronger than before.
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