Types and Techniques of Crutches

Questions and Answers

Which type of crutch is suitable for a patient with paralysis of the lower extremities?

Axillary Crutches

Platform Crutches

Forearm Crutches (correct)

Walker

What is the proper measurement for the hand grip of crutches when a patient can stand?

At the level of the elbow

At the level of the shoulder

At the level of the greater trochanter (correct)

At the level of the wrist

In which situation would a patient use the 3-point crutch gait?

For patients with good coordination and arm strength

For non-weight bearing on an affected leg (correct)

For patients requiring partial weight bearing

For patients unable to bear weight on both legs

How should a patient who cannot bear weight on the left foot navigate stairs?

Good leg goes up, bad leg goes down Signup and view all the answers

What safety factor is important to avoid brachial nerve palsy while using crutches?

No pressure on axillae Signup and view all the answers

Which crutch gait requires weight bearing on both legs and involves moving legs alternately with each opposing crutch?

4-point gait Signup and view all the answers

What is a recommended practice for maintaining crutches?

Inspect wooden crutches for cracks Signup and view all the answers

What should a patient do when sitting down from a chair using crutches?

Hold both crutches with the affected leg Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Types of Crutches

Axillary Crutches: Used after ligament damage to the knee or ankle.
Forearm Crutches: Suitable for conditions like paralysis of lower extremities, such as in Cerebral Palsy.

Measuring Crutches for a Patient

Adjust crutches to 2 inches below the axilla.
Position hand grips at the level of the greater trochanter.
Ensure elbows are bent at a 15-30° angle for optimal support.

Crutch Gaits

2 Point Gait: For partial weight bearing; crutches and opposite leg move simultaneously, ideal for patients with weak legs but good coordination.
3 Point Gait: Non-weight bearing on the affected leg; bear weight on crutches, then move the uninvolved leg forward, used for leg fractures or post-knee surgery.
4 Point Gait: Patient fully weight bearing; each leg moves alternately with opposing crutch, suitable for those able to bear weight on both legs.
Swing-through and Swing-to Gait: Weight bearing; advance crutches together and swing both legs to or through them, commonly used by paraplegics with supportive leg braces.

Going Up and Down Stairs

Going Up: Instruction—"the good goes up, the bad goes down." Good leg steps up first, followed by pulling up the affected leg and crutches.
Going Down: Crutches and affected leg go down first, followed by the good leg stepping down.

Sitting Down and Getting Up from a Chair

When sitting, hold both crutches on the side of the affected leg and grasp the chair's arm with the other hand; carefully lower oneself.
When getting up, reverse the process by using the arms to raise out of the chair and positioning the crutches.

Safety Factors for Using Crutches

Avoid putting pressure on axillae to prevent brachial nerve palsy.
Ensure proper fit of crutches to reduce fall risk.
Regularly inspect crutch tips for wear and replace if necessary.
Keep crutch tips dry for better traction.
Examine wooden crutches for cracks before use.
Provide a list of suppliers for additional crutch-related supplies.

Description

This quiz covers the different types of crutches, how to properly measure them for a patient, and various crutch gaits for effective mobility. Understanding these concepts is essential for rehabilitation professionals and caregivers. Test your knowledge on crutch usage and techniques!