Questions and Answers
Which of the following are characteristics of Type A Personality? (Select all that apply)
What is Time Pressure in the context of Type A Personality?
Working against the clock and irritation with others.
Type A individuals rarely get stressed.
False
What is a potential health risk associated with Type A Personality?
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Which personality type is described as being more chilled out compared to Type A?
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Who conducted the study in 1974 relating Type A behavior to coronary heart disease?
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What does the study by Muhammed Jamal in 1990 focus on?
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The results of Friedman and Rosenman's study can be generalized to women.
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What is a notable strength of the theory of personality types?
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Match the following definitions with their correct terms:
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Study Notes
Type A Personality Characteristics
- Type A individuals are characterized by time pressure, competitiveness, and hostility.
- Tend to feel rushed and constantly engage in multitasking.
- Display high levels of irritability and impatience, especially when idle.
Time Pressure
- Associated with working against the clock and competing to achieve tasks.
- May result in frustration and difficulty in managing downtime.
Competitiveness
- Highly driven to win in competitive scenarios, both in professional and recreational settings.
- Measure success by the volume of achievements rather than the quality of experiences.
Anger in Type A Personalities
- Self-critical nature leads to internalized hostility.
- Tendency to direct frustration towards oneself while exhibiting hostility externally.
Type A Personality and Heart Disease
- Individuals with Type A traits respond rapidly and intensely to stress, impacting cardiovascular health.
- Increased heart rate and blood pressure from stress behaviors contribute to a higher likelihood of heart disease compared to Type B individuals.
Characteristics of Type B Personality
- Type B individuals are generally relaxed, patient, and tolerant.
- Rarely experience significant stress, but this trait may hinder performance in high-pressure situations like exams.
Theory Strengths
- The personality type theory is straightforward and easy to understand.
- However, lacks robust research backing, as studies often show weak links between stress levels and Type A behaviors.
Friedman and Rosenman (1974) Study
- Involved 3,200 healthy men aged 39-59 assessed for personality types in 1960 and reevaluated 8.5 years later.
- Found 257 developed coronary heart disease (CHD), with 70% classified as Type A.
- Study controls for other risk factors, affirming a correlation between Type A personality and stress-related illnesses.
Friedman and Rosenman (1974) Evaluation
- The longitudinal design allows observation of heart disease development over time.
- Limitations include generalizability issues, as all participants were men, excluding women's cardiovascular risks.
Muhammed Jamal (1990) Study
- Studied 215 full-time nurses to explore the impact of Type A behavior on job-related stress and satisfaction.
- Results indicated that Type A traits correlate with increased job stress and lower satisfaction levels.
Muhammed Jamal (1990) Evaluation
- Illustrates ecological validity since nursing is a recognized stressful profession.
- Challenges exist in establishing direct cause-and-effect relationships, as Type A individuals might pursue higher-stress roles.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of Type A and Type B personality types with these flashcards. Learn about the traits, behaviors, and implications of each personality type in various settings. Perfect for psychology students or anyone interested in understanding personality dynamics.
