38 Questions
What is required for patients wishing to refuse transport after BLS administration of naloxone?
Medical consultation with a base station physician
What is the trade name for nitroglycerin?
Not Applicable
What is the maximum number of doses of nitroglycerin that can be administered?
Three doses
What is the dosage of nitroglycerin for pediatric patients?
Not applicable
What is the indication for administering oral glucose?
Altered mental status with known diabetic history
What is the dosage of oral glucose for adults?
10-15 grams of oral glucose
What is the effect of high concentrations of oxygen on COPD patients?
Reduces respiratory drive
What is the minimum liter flow for a non-breather (NRB) face mask?
12 lpm
What is the dosage of oxygen for adults via nasal cannula?
2-6 lpm
What is the purpose of administering oxygen?
To reduce energy expended for respirations
What is the dosage of epinephrine for patients 5 years of age or greater?
0.5 mg in 0.5 mL IM in lateral thigh
Which of the following is a contraindication for administering acetaminophen to a patient?
Known or suspected liver disease
What is the indication for administering epinephrine to patients with severe asthma?
Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
What is the onset of action of naloxone when administered intranasally?
Within a few minutes
What is the recommended dose of acetaminophen for a 4-year-old patient?
One unit dose of 160 mg/5 mL liquid
What is the contraindication for administering naloxone?
Patients under 28 days of age
What is the maximum dose of acetaminophen that can be administered to a 13-year-old patient?
650 mg
What is the maximum dose of naloxone that can be administered in one nare?
1 mL per nare
Why is it important to use a unit dose of acetaminophen?
To ensure accurate dosing
What is the duration of action of naloxone?
40 minutes
What is a precaution to consider when administering acetaminophen to a patient?
The patient's medical history and current condition
What is the adverse effect of naloxone?
Opioid withdrawal
What is a contraindication for administering acetaminophen to a patient less than 3 months of age?
Age less than 3 months
What is the indication for administering epinephrine auto-injector?
Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
What is the recommended form of acetaminophen for a 13-year-old patient?
325 mg pill or tablet
Why is it important to assess the patient's ability to swallow or take medications by mouth?
To ensure the patient can take the medication correctly
What is the dosage of epinephrine auto-injector for patients less than 5 years of age?
0.15 mg IM in lateral thigh
What is the precaution for administering naloxone?
Naloxone may induce opiate withdrawal in patients who are physically dependent on opioids
What is the primary indication for administering activated charcoal?
Poisoning by mouth
What is the maximum dose of albuterol that can be administered to a pediatric patient over a 30-minute period?
2 doses (4 puffs)
What is the contraindication for administering aspirin to a patient?
Known hypersensitivity
What is the primary indication for administering epinephrine?
Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
What is the preparation of activated charcoal?
25 grams/125 mL bottle
What is the adverse effect of administering albuterol?
All of the above
What is the precaution for administering aspirin?
GI bleeding and upset
What is the dosage of epinephrine for a pediatric patient?
1.25 mg
What is the contraindication for administering activated charcoal?
Altered mental status
What is the pharmacology of aspirin?
Platelet inhibitor
Study Notes
AMES: Tylenol
- Indications: Patients 3 months and older with mild to moderate discomfort (1-5 on FACES scale) or fever (EMS-documented temperature ≥100.4°F/38°C)
- Adverse Effects: Not clinically significant
- Contraindications:
- Head Injury
- Hypotension
- Administration of acetaminophen within the previous 4 hours
- Inability to swallow or take medications by mouth
- Respiratory distress
- Persistent vomiting
- Known or suspected liver disease
- Allergy to acetaminophen
- Patients less than 3 months of age
- Preparations: Unit Dose Only (DO NOT USE MULTIDOSE BOTTLE OF LIQUID); Unit dose 160 mg/5 mL liquid or 325 mg pill/tablet
- Dosage:
- Less than 3 months of age: Not indicated
- 3 months to 2 years of age: depends on age and weight
- 2-4 years: Unit dose 160 mg/5 mL
- 5-12 years: TWO unit doses of 160 mg/5 mL each
- 13 years and above: FOUR unit doses of 160 mg/5 mL each or 325 mg pill/tablet x2
BLS Pharmacology: ACTIVATED CHARCOAL (WITHOUT SORBITOL)
- Indications: Poisoning by mouth
- Adverse Effects: May indirectly induce vomiting and cause nausea
- Contraindications:
- Altered mental status
- Patients who have received an emetic
- Preparations:
- 25 grams/125 mL bottle
- 50 grams/250 mL bottle
- Dosage:
- Adult: 1 gram/kg PO
- Pediatric: 1 gram/kg PO
BLS Pharmacology: ALBUTEROL
- Indications:
- Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress
- Bronchospasm/wheezing associated with:
- Asthma
- COPD/emphysema
- Allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Adverse Effects:
- Tachycardia/palpitations
- Hypertension
- Angina
- Nervousness/anxiety
- Tremors
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Sweating
- Nausea/vomiting
- Sore throat
- Precautions: May cause severe bronchospasm from repeated excessive use
- Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity
- Preparations:
- Hand-held (unit dose) aerosol inhaler
- Ampule for nebulizer
- Dosage:
- Adult: Maximum of 2 doses (4 puffs) over a 30-minute period
- Pediatric: Maximum of 2 doses (4 puffs) over a 30-minute period
BLS Pharmacology: ASPIRIN
- Indications: Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome and/or ST Elevation MI (STEMI)
- Contraindications:
- Known hypersensitivity
- Patients who receive a full dose (324 mg) of aspirin prior to EMS arrival
- Adverse Effects:
- Heartburn
- Nausea and vomiting
- Wheezing
- Precautions: GI bleeding and upset
- Dosage:
- Adult: 324 mg or 325 mg chewed
- Pediatric: Not indicated
BLS Pharmacology: EPINEPHRINE (1 mg/mL)
- Indications:
- Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
- Mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening allergic reaction
- Patients with severe asthma
- Adverse Effects:
- Tachycardia/palpitations
- Angina
- Headache
- Nausea/vomiting
- Dizziness
- Hypertension
- Nervousness/anxiety
- Tremors
- Precautions: Medical consultation must be obtained before administering EMS service's manual epinephrine or EMS service's auto-injector to asthma patients with pregnancy or cardiac history
- Contraindications: None in the presence of anaphylaxis
- Preparations: Epinephrine (Patient prescribed or EMS supplied)
- Dosage:
- Patients 5 years of age or greater: 0.5 mg in 0.5 mL IM in lateral thigh
- Patients less than 5 years of age: 0.15 mg in 0.15 mL IM in lateral thigh
BLS Pharmacology: EPINEPHRINE AUTO-INJECTOR
- Indications:
- Moderate to severe allergic reaction with respiratory distress
- Mild allergic reaction with history of life-threatening allergic reaction
- Patients with severe asthma
- Adverse Effects:
- Tachycardia/palpitations
- Angina
- Headache
- Nausea/vomiting
- Dizziness
- Hypertension
- Nervousness/anxiety
- Tremors
- Precautions: Medical consultation must be obtained before administering EMS service's manual epinephrine or EMS service's auto-injector to asthma patients with pregnancy or cardiac history
- Contraindications: None in the presence of anaphylaxis
- Preparations: Epinephrine Auto-injector (single or multi-dose) only (Patient prescribed or EMS supplied)
- Dosage:
- Less than 5 years of age: 0.15 mg IM in the lateral thigh via epinephrine auto-injector
- 5 years and greater: 0.3 mg IM in the lateral thigh via epinephrine auto-injector
BLS Pharmacology: NALOXONE PUBLIC SAFETY AND EMR
- Indications: To reverse respiratory depression induced by opioid/narcotic agent
- Contraindications: Patients under 28 days of age
- Adverse Effects: Opioid withdrawal
- Precautions:
- Naloxone may induce opiate withdrawal in patients who are physically dependent on opioids
- Certain drugs may require much higher doses of naloxone for reversal than are currently used
- Should be administered and titrated so respiratory efforts return, but not intended to restore full consciousness
- Intranasal naloxone must be administered via nasal atomizer
- Dosage:
- Adult: 2 mg IN, dividing administration of the dose equally between the nares to a maximum of 1 mL per nare, OR 4 mg/0.1 mL IN in one nare
- Pediatric: 2 mg IN, dividing administration of the dose equally between the nares to a maximum of 1 mL per nare, OR 4 mg/0.1 mL IN in one nare
BLS Pharmacology: NITROGLYCERIN
- Indications: Chest pain
- Adverse Effects:
- Hypotension
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Tachycardia
- Precautions:
- BLS clinician may only administer patient prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin
- Reassess blood pressure before and after administration
- If systolic blood pressure drops more than 20 mmHg per dose of nitroglycerin given, obtain medical consultation before further administration
- Contraindications:
- Blood pressure below 90 mmHg systolic
- Heart rate less than 60 or greater than 150 bpm
- Medication not prescribed for the patient
- Pediatric patient under age 13
- Any patient having taken medication for Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (e.g., Adcirca or Revatio) or erectile dysfunction (e.g., Viagra, Levitra, or Cialis) within the past 48 hours
- Dosage:
- Adult: 0.4 mg sublingually (one tablet or one spray)
- Pediatric: Nitroglycerin contraindicated for children under age 13
Learn about the indications and precautions for administering Tylenol to patients, including age requirements, discomfort levels, and fever temperatures. Understand the importance of further evaluation and transport to a medical facility.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
