TYBSc Sem 5 Paper 3.1 Biology Quiz

Passive diffusion does not require energy input and relies on concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion involves the use of carrier proteins or channels to help molecules cross the membrane.

The phosphotransferase system is a bacterial sugar transport system that couples the transport of sugars with their phosphorylation. It involves multiple proteins and phosphoenolpyruvate as a phosphoryl donor.

The ABC transporter system involves substrate binding, ATP hydrolysis, and conformational changes in the transporter protein to transport molecules across the membrane.

Active transport requires energy input to move molecules against their concentration gradient. Lactose permease is a membrane protein that uses energy to transport lactose into the cell.

Bacterial cell membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Their permeability is regulated by the presence of transport proteins and the lipid composition of the membrane.

Facilitated diffusion allows specific molecules to cross the membrane through protein channels or carriers, enabling the cell to regulate the movement of essential substances.

Group translocation is a process in which a molecule is chemically modified during transport across the membrane. An example is the phosphotransferase system in bacteria.

Active transport requires energy input to move molecules against their concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins or channels to assist in the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient.

Radioactive labels can be attached to specific solutes, allowing researchers to trace their uptake and movement within cells or organisms using radiation detection techniques.