TYBSc Sem 5 Paper 3.1 Biology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Compare and contrast passive diffusion and facilitated diffusion.

Passive diffusion does not require energy input and relies on concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion involves the use of carrier proteins or channels to help molecules cross the membrane.

Explain the phosphotransferase system and provide a schematic diagram.

The phosphotransferase system is a bacterial sugar transport system that couples the transport of sugars with their phosphorylation. It involves multiple proteins and phosphoenolpyruvate as a phosphoryl donor.

Describe the steps involved in the ABC transporter system.

The ABC transporter system involves substrate binding, ATP hydrolysis, and conformational changes in the transporter protein to transport molecules across the membrane.

Explain the mechanism of active transport and the role of lactose permease.

Active transport requires energy input to move molecules against their concentration gradient. Lactose permease is a membrane protein that uses energy to transport lactose into the cell. Signup and view all the answers

Discuss bacterial cell membranes and explain their permeability.

Bacterial cell membranes are composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Their permeability is regulated by the presence of transport proteins and the lipid composition of the membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the importance of facilitated diffusion.

Facilitated diffusion allows specific molecules to cross the membrane through protein channels or carriers, enabling the cell to regulate the movement of essential substances. Signup and view all the answers

What is group translocation? Provide one suitable example.

Group translocation is a process in which a molecule is chemically modified during transport across the membrane. An example is the phosphotransferase system in bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between active transport and facilitated diffusion.

Active transport requires energy input to move molecules against their concentration gradient, while facilitated diffusion uses carrier proteins or channels to assist in the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how solute uptake can be studied using radioactive labels.

Radioactive labels can be attached to specific solutes, allowing researchers to trace their uptake and movement within cells or organisms using radiation detection techniques. Signup and view all the answers