Questions and Answers
What is Two-Spirit?
An umbrella term that bridges indigenous and Western understandings of gender and sexuality.
Are Two-Spirits included in LGBTQ+?
True
Where did the term Two-Spirit come from?
Decision in 1990 in Winnipeg, Manitoba as a solution to the 'Problem of Naming'.
What word means, 'to be as a woman'?
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Which word means, 'those who transform'?
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What does Nadleehi refer to?
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Do all nations have the concept of two-spirited people?
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How are two-spirited people viewed in their communities?
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What special positions can two-spirited people hold?
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Can two-spirited people hold roles that typically men or women hold?
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What term is no longer used to refer to two-spirited people as it was used to refer negatively to them?
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Were two-spirited people always accepted?
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What happened to many two-spirits as a result of colonization?
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When did the tribal law declaring marriage be between a man and woman become overturned?
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When was the first two-spirit powwow?
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Study Notes
Two-Spirit Overview
- Two-Spirit is an umbrella term that integrates indigenous and Western perspectives on gender and sexuality.
- It falls under the LGBTQ+ spectrum, signifying inclusion of Two-Spirit individuals within the broader community.
Terminology and Origins
- The term "Two-Spirit" was established in 1990 during a gathering in Winnipeg, Manitoba, as a response to the "Problem of Naming."
- "Winkte" refers to "to be as a woman."
- "Nadleehi" signifies "those who transform" and encompasses various gender identities fluidly.
Gender Identity
- Nadleehi can represent multiple gender combinations:
- Masculine-Feminine
- Masculine-Masculine
- Feminine-Masculine
- Feminine-Feminine
Cultural Significance
- Not all indigenous nations acknowledge the Two-Spirit concept, indicating variability in cultural acceptance.
- Historically, Two-Spirits have been viewed as sacred or divine figures within their communities and held esteemed roles.
Roles and Community Presence
- Two-spirited individuals can serve unique positions such as matchmakers, medicine people, and warriors.
- They possess the ability to occupy roles traditionally held by both men and women simultaneously.
Historical Context and Challenges
- The term "Berdache," formerly used to describe Two-Spirited people, is deemed outdated and carries negative connotations.
- Acceptance of Two-Spirits has not been universal, with many facing resistance.
- Colonization and the imposition of Christian values led to the repression and punishment of Two-Spirit individuals in many communities.
Recent Developments
- A significant change occurred in 2016 when tribal law was amended to allow marriage between partners irrespective of gender.
- The first Two-Spirit powwow took place in 2011, marking a cultural milestone for visibility and celebration of Two-Spirit identities.
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Description
Explore the diverse meanings and implications of Two-Spirit identities through video flashcards. This quiz delves into the intersection of indigenous and Western gender and sexuality understandings, providing key insight into the term and its relevance within the LGBTQ+ community.
