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Questions and Answers
What is onomatopoeia?
What is connotation?
Associations or implied meanings of a word rather than its literal definition.
What is assonance?
Repetition of vowel sounds within two or more words.
What is alliteration?
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What is an elegy?
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What is an epigraph?
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What is an epithet?
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What is litotes?
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What is caesura?
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What is a sonnet?
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What defines an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet?
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How is an English or Shakespearean sonnet structured?
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What is a ballad?
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What characterizes an ode?
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What is concrete poetry?
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What defines a couplet?
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What is enjambment?
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What is free verse?
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What is a haiku?
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What is a limerick?
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What is lyric poetry?
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What is euphony?
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What is cacophony?
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What is refrain?
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What is rhyme?
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What are end rhymes?
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What is internal rhyme?
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What is slant rhyme?
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What is a rhyme scheme?
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What is a feminine ending?
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What is a masculine ending?
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What is rhythm in poetry?
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What is a stanza?
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What is meter in poetry?
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What is a metrical foot?
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Study Notes
Poetic Language Key Terms
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Onomatopoeia: Words that mimic the sounds they describe, e.g., "buzz," "hiss," "slam," "pop."
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Connotation: The associated meanings or emotions connected to a word, separate from its literal definition.
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Assonance: The repetition of vowel sounds in nearby words, such as in "lake" and "fate," different from exact rhymes like "fake" and "lake."
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Alliteration: The close repetition of initial consonant sounds in adjacent words or syllables, enhancing the rhythm and tone of poetry.
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Elegy: A formal poem that mourns the death of a specific individual.
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Epigraph: A quote or aphorism placed at the beginning of a literary work that hints at its theme.
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Epithet: A descriptive term that characterizes a person or thing, e.g., "rosy-fingered Dawn" or "The Great Emancipator" for Lincoln.
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Litotes: A figure of speech that intensifies an idea through understatement, often by using negation, e.g., "It wasn't my best day."
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Caesura: A pause or break within a line of poetry, adding emphasis or a dramatic effect.
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Sonnet: A structured poetic form typically consisting of fourteen lines with a specific rhyme scheme; divided mainly into Italian (Petrarchan) and English (Shakespearean) sonnets.
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Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet: Features an octave (eight lines) asking a question and a sestet (six lines) providing an answer, with rhyme schemes abbaabba and cdecde.
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English (Shakespearean) Sonnet: Comprises three quatrains (four lines each) followed by a couplet, often with a rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.
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Ballad: A poem narrating a story, typically meant to be sung or recited.
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Ode: A lengthy, lyrical poem intended for meditation, characterized by its formal structure and elevated style.
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Concrete Poetry: Poetic works that use visual arrangement to enhance or convey their message.
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Couplet: A set of two lines in a poem that share a rhyme.
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Enjambment: The continuation of a thought from one line of poetry to the next without a pause or break.
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Blank Verse: Unrhymed iambic pentameter, allowing for a natural flow of speech.
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Free Verse: Poetry that does not adhere to consistent patterns of rhythm or rhyme, often mimicking natural speech patterns.
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Haiku: A traditional Japanese verse form with three lines, following a 5-7-5 syllable pattern, generally focused on nature.
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Heroic Couplet: Two consecutive rhyming lines expressing a complete thought.
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Limerick: A humorous poem with five lines and an aabba rhyme scheme, known for its catchy rhythm.
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Lyric Poetry: A brief poem expressing personal emotions or thoughts, often in a song-like format.
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Euphony: A combination of words that creates a pleasing, harmonious sound.
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Cacophony: A harsh mixture of sounds, often creating a jarring effect.
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Refrain: A repeated line or phrase throughout a poem, often functioning like a chorus.
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Rhyme: The repetition of similar sounds, enhancing the musical quality of a poem.
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End Rhymes: Rhyming words occurring at the ends of lines in a poem.
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Internal Rhyme: Rhyme occurring within a single line of poetry.
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Slant Rhyme: A type of approximate rhyme based on similar consonant sounds without exact matching of vowel sounds, e.g., "stopped" and "wept."
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Rhyme Scheme: The structured pattern of rhymes in a poem, often marked with lowercase letters to indicate which lines rhyme.
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Feminine Ending: Ends a line in poetry with an additional unstressed syllable.
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Masculine Ending: Ends a line with a stressed syllable, creating a forceful conclusion.
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Rhythm: The flow and pattern of sounds in poetry, shaped by stressed and unstressed syllables.
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Stanza: A grouped set of lines within a poem, similar to a paragraph in prose.
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Meter: The regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry, shaping its rhythm. Each unit of meter is called a foot.
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Metrical Foot: The basic building block of meter, including various types like iambs, trochees, anapests, dactyls, and spondees.
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Types of Meter: Indicated by the number of feet per line, including monometer, dimeter, trimeter, tetrameter, pentameter, hexameter, heptameter, and octameter.
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