تصميم النصوص وقراءتها

General Information

• Author: Dr. Jamal Al-Khatib
• Book Title: تعديل السلوك الإنساني
• Intended Audience: Professionals in psychology, education, and social work

Table of Contents Highlights

• Chapter 1: General definition of behavior modification, including terms, concepts, theoretical foundations, principles, and characteristics of the approach.
• Chapter 2: Provides a historical overview of behavior modification, including early dissatisfaction with the medical model, key figures in behavioral research (like Pavlov, Thorndike, Watson, and Skinner) their research, and the application of these principles to practical situations.
• Chapter 3: Explains the process of defining and identifying target behaviors, exploring the distinction between normal and abnormal behaviors, how to identify and define target behaviors, and formulating behavioral goals.
• Chapter 4: Covers behavioral assessment methods, focusing on essential considerations, various methods for measuring behavior, inter-rater reliability, observer training, error sources in direct observation, and graphical representations of data.
• Chapter 5: Outlines research methodology in behavior modification, specifically detailing individual and group based research approaches, internal and external validity, data analysis procedures, single case study designs and designs based on comparison groups.
• Chapter 6: Explores positive behavior increase (reinforcement), including its definition, types of reinforcers, selecting suitable reinforcers, factors influencing reinforcement effectiveness, and reinforcement schedules.
• Chapter 7: Focuses on shaping behaviors, including stimulus control, prompting, fading, chaining, and modeling.
• Chapter 8: Examines reducing undesirable behaviors (punishment and alternatives), including defining punishment, extinction, reduction procedures based on reinforcement, response cost, exclusion from positive reinforcement, and overcorrection.
• Chapter 9: Introduces token economies, including procedures for their implementation, advantages, disadvantages, and application context.
• Chapter 10: The book includes a chapter on contingency contracting. Discussing contracting in relation to behavioral modification. Including the contract's elements, as well as general guidelines for its use.
• Chapter 11: This details procedures based on classical conditioning, including systematic desensitization, aversion therapy, and flooding techniques.
• Chapter 12: Introduces cognitive behavioral modification, discussing its assumptions, principles, and common techniques like rational-emotive therapy, cognitive therapy, problem-solving, self-instructional training, and attribution theory.
• Chapter 13: Provides strategies to generalize and maintain behavior changes, including various approaches to promoting lasting behavioral changes.
• Chapter 14: Addresses potential misconceptions surrounding behavior modification, offering counter-arguments for common critiques.

اختبر معرفتك في تصميم النصوص وعوامل تحسين القراءة. سيتناول هذا الاختبار الأسئلة المتعلقة بالهوامش، والمسافات البيضاء، وأحجام الخطوط وتأثيرها على قابلية القراءة. هل أنت مستعد لاختبار مهاراتك في هذا المجال؟