29 Questions
What is the primary function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
Act as a messenger to carry information from DNA to make proteins
In the Central Dogma, what macromolecule is directly involved in protein synthesis?
RNA
Which term describes an organism's hereditary information?
Genotype
What is the function of transcription in protein synthesis?
Conversion of DNA into RNA
What role does translation play in the process of protein synthesis?
Converting mRNA into proteins
How does RNA contribute to protein synthesis?
Carries information from DNA to make proteins
How many exons code for the protein produced by the TATA-box binding protein gene?
8 exons
What is the role of initiator tRNA in translation initiation?
Binds to the small ribosomal subunit before mRNA
What is the total number of base pairs that the gene for TATA-box binding protein spans on chromosome 6?
18,000 bp
During translation elongation, what is the role of GTP?
Increases accuracy and efficiency in codon recognition
How many amino acids are present in the protein encoded by the Huntingtin gene?
3144 amino acids
In translation termination, what happens when the mRNA stop codon is in the A site?
It is bound by a release factor
What is the approximate length of the mature mRNA transcript produced by the TATA-box binding protein gene?
~1800 nt
What is the purpose of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in translation elongation?
Reload empty tRNAs in the cytoplasm
Which chromosome houses the gene for Huntingtin?
Chromosome 4
Why is energy required during translation elongation?
To move tRNAs from A to P site
In translation, what role does the P site within the ribosome play?
Holds the tRNA carrying the growing polypeptide
What is the function of gene regulatory proteins according to the text?
Block translation process
What process involves ubiquitination for proteasome degradation?
Protein degradation
What was the purpose of the 2:41m video link provided in the text?
To demonstrate protein synthesis overview
Which video link was recommended to students for more information on 5’ – 3’ and N and C terminus?
What content can be found on page 70 that students were asked to complete as part of their revision?
Lecture slides with images of cell division
What was the purpose of the mitosis video recommended to be watched before the next lecture?
To explain cell division stages
How are proteins destined to function in the cytosol translated?
On free ribosomes
What directs ribosomes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?
SRP: Signal Recognition Particle
Which step involves solubilizing a secretory protein in the lumen during translation?
Step 6
Where do some post-translational modifications occur for proteins?
Cytosol
Which modification involves the addition of a phosphate group to a protein?
Phosphorylation
What is the role of signal peptides in protein translation?
Direct ribosomes to the RER
Test your knowledge on the sequence of events in protein synthesis, including transcription, mRNA processing, DNA-protein sequence link, and translation. Also, explore protein structure levels and their interrelationships.
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