Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following arteries branches directly from the facial artery?
Which of the following arteries branches directly from the facial artery?
What is the primary function of the superior laryngeal nerve?
What is the primary function of the superior laryngeal nerve?
Which structure does the internal jugular vein merge with to form the brachiocephalic vein?
Which structure does the internal jugular vein merge with to form the brachiocephalic vein?
What does the lingual artery NOT provide tributaries to?
What does the lingual artery NOT provide tributaries to?
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the vagus nerve in the neck?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the vagus nerve in the neck?
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Which muscles are primarily supplied by the spinal part of the accessory nerve?
Which muscles are primarily supplied by the spinal part of the accessory nerve?
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What anatomical structure does the hypoglossal nerve wind forward over?
What anatomical structure does the hypoglossal nerve wind forward over?
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Which structure lies above the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
Which structure lies above the posterior belly of the digastric muscle?
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The inferior root of descendens cervicalis is associated with which spinal segments?
The inferior root of descendens cervicalis is associated with which spinal segments?
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Which statement best describes the role of the hypoglossal nerve?
Which statement best describes the role of the hypoglossal nerve?
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Which structure forms the floor of the digastric triangle?
Which structure forms the floor of the digastric triangle?
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What is located in the contents of the anterior part of the digastric triangle?
What is located in the contents of the anterior part of the digastric triangle?
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Which structure is found within the posterior part of the digastric triangle?
Which structure is found within the posterior part of the digastric triangle?
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Which muscle bounds the digastric triangle posteriorly?
Which muscle bounds the digastric triangle posteriorly?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the muscular triangle's structure?
Which of the following is NOT part of the muscular triangle's structure?
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Which arteries branch from the external carotid artery in the neck?
Which arteries branch from the external carotid artery in the neck?
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What is the function of the ansa cervicalis?
What is the function of the ansa cervicalis?
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Which statement accurately describes the internal jugular vein?
Which statement accurately describes the internal jugular vein?
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What areas does the vagus nerve provide branches to in the neck?
What areas does the vagus nerve provide branches to in the neck?
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Which structure forms the boundaries of the Digastric triangle?
Which structure forms the boundaries of the Digastric triangle?
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What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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Which structure is NOT a boundary of the Carotid triangle?
Which structure is NOT a boundary of the Carotid triangle?
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Which lymph nodes drain the central part of the lower lip and the floor of the mouth?
Which lymph nodes drain the central part of the lower lip and the floor of the mouth?
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At which level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
At which level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
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What nerve supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
What nerve supplies the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
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What is the carotid tubercle primarily used for?
What is the carotid tubercle primarily used for?
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At which vertebral level does the common carotid artery terminate?
At which vertebral level does the common carotid artery terminate?
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Which artery is NOT a branch of the external carotid artery?
Which artery is NOT a branch of the external carotid artery?
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What are the terminal branches of the common carotid artery?
What are the terminal branches of the common carotid artery?
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Where can the pulsation of the common carotid artery be palpated?
Where can the pulsation of the common carotid artery be palpated?
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Why is the carotid tubercle significant in surgical procedures?
Why is the carotid tubercle significant in surgical procedures?
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Which structure is part of the floor of the Carotid triangle?
Which structure is part of the floor of the Carotid triangle?
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What function does the carotid body serve?
What function does the carotid body serve?
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Where can the carotid pulse be palpated?
Where can the carotid pulse be palpated?
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What can the carotid tubercle provide leverage against?
What can the carotid tubercle provide leverage against?
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What is the purpose of carotid artery compression?
What is the purpose of carotid artery compression?
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Study Notes
Triangles of the Neck II
- Objectives: The lecture covers boundaries, contents, arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic systems of the anterior triangle, specifically its subdivisions. Clinical importance is also addressed.
Anterior Triangle
-
Boundaries:
- Posterior: Sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Anterior: Midline of the neck from symphysis menti to the suprasternal notch
- Base: The lower border of the mandible and a line connecting the angle of the mandible to the mastoid process
- Apex: Directed downward towards the suprasternal notch
Subdivision of the Anterior Triangle
- The superior belly of the omohyoid and posterior belly of the digastric muscles divide the anterior triangle into:
- Digastric (Submandibular) triangle
- Carotid triangle
- Muscular triangle
- Submental triangle (located at the midline)
Carotid Triangle
-
Contents:
- Common carotid artery and its bifurcation
- External carotid artery and its branches
- Carotid sheath with its contents (common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve)
- Ansa cervicalis (a nerve loop)
- Spinal accessory nerve
- Hypoglossal nerve
- Deep cervical lymph nodes
External Carotid Artery & Its Branches
-
Branches:
- Ascending pharyngeal artery
- Superior thyroid artery
- Lingual artery
- Facial artery
- Occipital artery
- Posterior auricular artery
- Maxillary artery
- Superficial temporal artery
Carotid Sheath & its Content
- This sheath contains:
- Common carotid artery
- Internal carotid artery
- Internal jugular vein
- Vagus nerve
Vagus Nerve in the Neck
-
Branches:
- Superior laryngeal nerve (Internal/External)
- Recurrent laryngeal nerve
- Cardiac branches
- Branches to carotid body & sinus
- Auricular branch (Alderman's nerve)
- Pharyngeal branch
Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) & its Tributaries
- Formation: Continuation of the sigmoid sinus; brings venous blood from the brain and cranium.
-
Tributaries:
- Inferior petrosal sinus
- Pharyngeal veins
- Common facial vein
- Lingual vein
- Middle & inferior thyroid veins
- Termination: Joins with the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein
Ansa Cervicalis
- Roots: Superior root (Descendens hypoglossi) and Inferior root (Descendens cervicalis)
- Function: Supplies motor to infrahyoid muscles.
Spinal Accessory Nerve
- Supplies sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
Hypoglossal Nerve
- Divides into external and internal branches; supplies muscles of the tongue
- Relation to arteries: Passes superficial to the internal carotid, external carotid arteries, and the first part of the lingual artery.
Deep Cervical Lymph Nodes
- Chain of nodes found in close relation to the internal jugular vein.
Digastric Triangle (Submandibular Triangle)
- Boundaries: Base of the mandible, extending from angle of the mandible to the mastoid process, posterior belly of the digastric. And anterior belly of the digastric
- Contents: Submandibular gland, facial vein, facial artery, mylohyoid vessels & nerve, hypoglossal nerve
Muscular Triangle
- Boundaries: Anterior midline of the neck, body of the hyoid bone, superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, and lower part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
- Contents: Sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, omohyoid, Supplied by the Ansa cervicalis
Submental Triangle
-
Boundaries:
- Apex: Symphysis menti
- Base: Hyoid bone
- Sides: Anterior belly of digastric
- Floor: Mylohyoid
-
Contents:
- Submental lymph nodes; draining central part of lower lip/mouth floor/tip of tongue
- Anterior jugular vein
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy and clinical importance of the anterior triangle of the neck. It examines boundaries, subdivisions, and the critical contents such as arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic systems. Understanding these aspects is essential for clinical practice in anatomy and medicine.
