Triage & Musculoskeletal Emergencies

Triage & Musculoskeletal Emergencies

• Triage is a process to determine the priority of patient treatments based on the severity of their condition.
• It efficiently rations patient treatment when resources are insufficient for immediate treatment of all.
• The term "triage" comes from the French verb "trier," meaning to separate, sort, sift, or select.

Purpose & Benefits of Triage

• Expedite time-critical treatment for life-threatening conditions.
• Ensure appropriate categorization of patients requiring emergency care based on their clinical condition.
• Improve patient flow.
• Improve patient satisfaction.
• Decrease overall length of stay.
• Facilitate streaming of less urgent patients.
• Be user-friendly for all levels of healthcare professionals.

Currently Utilized Triage Systems

• CTAS (Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale)
• ESI (Emergency Severity Index)
• ATI (Australian Triage Index)

CTAS National Guidelines

• CTAS Level 1: Patients need immediate physician assessment (98% of the time).
• CTAS Level 2: Patients need physician assessment within 15 minutes (95% of the time).
• CTAS Level 3: Patients need physician assessment within 30 minutes (90% of the time).
• CTAS Level 4: Patients need physician assessment within 60 minutes (85% of the time).
• CTAS Level 5: Patients need physician assessment within 120 minutes (80% of the time).

ESI Emergency Severity Index

• Level 1: Requires immediate life-saving intervention.
• Level 2: High-risk situation (confused, lethargic, disoriented, severe pain, or distress).
• Level 3: Multiple resources required (consider upgrading to level 2 if specific vital sign criteria are met).
• Level 4: One resource required.
• Level 5: No resources needed.

ATI/ATS

• ATS categories are defined by physiological predictors (airway, breathing, circulation, disability) and maximum waiting time to treatment.
• 1: Immediate
• 2: 10 minutes
• 3: 30 minutes
• 4: 60 minutes
• 5: 120 minutes

ESI - Conceptual Algorithm

• Algorithm outlining decision steps based on specific patient scenarios. Check for immediate life-saving intervention need, high-risk situations, and resource needs.

ESI Resources

• Resources like labs, imaging, and procedures are counted as part of the need assessment.

Not ESI Resources

• Items that are not counted towards resource needs. Includes things like history and physical exams, certain lab tests, medications, etc.

High-risk Vital Signs (ESI)

• Reassessment is needed to determine whether a higher acuity level needs to be assigned if a patient has one or more vital signs outside the normal parameters.

Pediatric Fever Considerations (ESI)

• Younger infants and children may warrant higher ESI levels for fever conditions. Specific age ranges and temperature criteria are outlined for appropriate ESI assignment.

ESI Triage Levels (Table)

• A table of vital sign parameters for Red, Orange, Yellow, and Green triage levels.

Kuis ini membahas tentang triage dan keadaan darurat muskuloskeletal. Pelajari pentingnya triage dalam menentukan prioritas perawatan pasien dan sistem triage yang digunakan saat ini. Dengan mengetahui konsep ini, Anda akan lebih siap menghadapi situasi kritis di bidang kesehatan.