Tree Anatomy

Overview of Tree Parts

Trees are composed of several key parts that work together to form a functioning whole. These parts can be categorized into two main groups: above-ground and below-ground parts.

Above-Ground Parts

• Crown: The uppermost part of the tree, comprising the branches and leaves.
• Trunk: The main stem of the tree, providing support and structure.
• Branches: Divisions of the trunk that grow outward and upward, bearing leaves and fruit.
• Leaves: Organs responsible for photosynthesis, attached to the branches.
• Twigs: Small, terminal branches that bear leaves and buds.

Below-Ground Parts

• Roots: Underground structures that absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
• Taproot: The main root that grows downward, anchoring the tree and absorbing water and nutrients.
• Lateral roots: Smaller roots that branch out from the taproot, further absorbing water and nutrients.

Other Important Tree Parts

• Bark: The outer, protective layer of the trunk and branches.
• Cambium layer: A thin layer of tissue just beneath the bark, responsible for growth and cell division.
• Heartwood: The dead, inner wood of the trunk, providing structural support.
• Sapwood: The living, outer wood of the trunk, responsible for transporting water and nutrients.