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Questions and Answers
When was the Treaty of Portsmouth signed?
September 5, 1905.
Which war did the Treaty of Portsmouth end?
Russo-Japanese (1904 - 5)
What led to the Treaty of Portsmouth, and which country was the mediator?
Japan was winning, and both countries wanted to negotiate peace. President Theodore Roosevelt was the mediator.
What did Article I of the treaty say?
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What did Article II of the treaty say?
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What did Article III of the treaty say?
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What did Article IV of the treaty say?
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What did Article V of the treaty say?
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What did Article VI of the treaty say?
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What did Article IX of the treaty say?
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What did Article XI of the treaty say?
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How many died in the Russo-Japanese War?
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What did Japan gain from the Russo-Japanese War?
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Study Notes
Treaty of Portsmouth Overview
- Signed on September 5, 1905, ending the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905).
- Mediated by President Theodore Roosevelt in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, as both nations sought to end the conflict.
Key Articles of the Treaty
- Article I: Established peace between Russia and Japan.
- Article II: Russia agreed not to interfere with Japanese control of Korea.
- Article III: Mandated both nations to withdraw from Manchuria, except for the leased territory of the Liaodong Peninsula, and restore it to China. Russia also had to relinquish any preferences in Manchuria to China.
- Article IV: Prohibited Japan and Russia from obstructing China's measures for commerce or industry development in Manchuria.
- Article V: Required Russia, with Chinese consent, to transfer control of Port Arthur, Dalian, and related territories and rights to Japan.
- Article VI: Stipulated Russia must provide Japan with the railway connecting Changchunfu and Kuanchangstu to Port Arthur, along with associated rights and properties, with Chinese consent.
- Article IX: Handed over full power of the southern portion of the Island of Sakhalin and adjacent islands to Japan.
- Article XI: Granted Japan fishing rights in areas where Russia possessed land in the Okhotsk and Bering Seas.
War Casualties and Outcomes
- Approximately 80,000 people died during the Russo-Japanese War.
- Japan emerged with significant territorial and political gains, including recognition of its sovereignty over Korea and control over key strategic territories and rights in Manchuria and surrounding waters.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Treaty of Portsmouth with these flashcards. Cover key details such as the date it was signed, the war it ended, and the mediator involved. Perfect for students studying early 20th-century history.
