Treatment for Positive Direct Antiglobulin Test (Coomb's Test)

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What is the treatment of choice for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Immunosuppressive therapy if steroids fail (correct)

Splenectomy as first-line treatment

Blood transfusions with caution

High-dose prednisone for a short duration

Which of the following conditions is NOT a mechanical cause of hemolysis similar to paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

March hemoglobinuria

Valve prosthesis

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (correct)

What is the main clinical manifestation associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Dark urine in the morning (correct)

Thrombocytopenia

Jaundice

Hematuria

Which of the following is a major role of the liver in managing hemolysis?

Removing Hb bound to haptoglobin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism through which renal tubular cells process hemoglobin in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Breaks it down and deposits hemosiderin in cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Stem cell disorder leading to abnormal red cells, white cells, and platelets (B) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the red cells in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Membrane defect rendering them sensitive to lysis by complement (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is splenectomy sometimes performed in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria cases?

To remove a site where antibody-coated red blood cells are destroyed (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which second-line treatment option is mentioned for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Rituximab (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria from autoimmune hemolytic anemia?

Absence of dark urine in the morning (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom seen in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria patients?

Fatigue and shortness of breath (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of red cell membrane defect in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria?

Increased sensitivity to lysis by complement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the manifestations of hemolysis in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Hepatosplenomegaly and pigment gallstones (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is not associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Impaired growth in children (A) Signup and view all the answers

What sign may be observed in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria due to hyperdynamic circulation?

Tachycardia and signs of big pulse pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is a potential sign of heart failure in severe cases of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Exertional dyspnea and palpitations (C) Signup and view all the answers

What might indicate the presence of high output heart failure in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Accentuated heart sounds and third heart sound (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is not typically associated with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria?

Impotence (B) Signup and view all the answers