40 Questions
What are some intrinsic risk factors for falls in older people?
Muscle weakness and gait/balance problems
Which factor is an example of an extrinsic risk for falls?
Poor stair design and lack of handrails
What is the most common type of fracture after the age of 75?
Hip fracture
What is the impact of falls on an older person's independence?
It leads to a loss of confidence and anxiety
Which environmental factor can increase the risk of falls?
The type of furniture in a person's house
What is a significant cost attached to falls?
All of the above
What is an example of a biological risk factor for falls?
(e.g., balance and gait deficiency, acute or chronic health conditions, cognitive impairment, low vision)
Which factor is considered an extrinsic risk for falls in older people?
(e.g., a lack of handrails or the wrong type of handrail)
What is the single most important risk factor for falls according to the text?
A history of falls in the past year
What condition should be tested for, as it is a common falls risk factor?
Orthostatic hypotension
Which of the following factors increases the risk of falling in older adults?
Malnourishment
What is highlighted as associated with a higher risk for falls and emphasizes the need to consider social factors?
Social isolation and loneliness
Which type of drugs is mentioned as potentially increasing the risk of falls?
Psychoactive drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines)
What should be tested both lying and standing as a common falls risk factor?
Blood pressure
Which of the following is associated with a higher risk for falls due to environmental hazards?
Poor lighting
What increases the risk of falling in older adults due to poor balance and visual impairment?
Alcohol misuse
What is the agreed definition of older age according to the delphi study mentioned in the text?
Life expectancy at age 60 in a population
What is the primary injury type associated with older adult trauma?
Orthopedic musculoskeletal injuries
What is the main cause of major trauma in the older adult population, as described in the text?
Falls from a standing height or sitting height
What does the specialty of geriatric medicine primarily focus on, as stated by Dr. Ahern?
Looking after older adults with complexity
Why is it difficult to define what 'older' means?
All of the above
How has the profile of individuals experiencing major trauma changed over the past 30 years?
Most major trauma now occurs in older adults due to falls at home
What is the primary focus of the delphi study mentioned in the text?
Defining the outcomes that older people want
According to Dr. Ahern, what is geriatric medicine ultimately about?
Looking after older adults with complex multi-domain needs
What was the historical origin of the speciality in trauma ortho geriatrics?
It originated with older adults who broke their hips.
What is the main reason for the collaboration between geriatric medicine and another specialty?
To improve outcomes for patients with hip fractures.
What recent evidence supports the importance of early intervention and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for older adult trauma?
A paper from a group in Bristol demonstrating almost halved mortality with CGA.
What is highlighted as a crucial point about frailty and multimorbidity in the module?
A structured approach to the care of an older adult makes a significant difference to their management.
What is a common issue related to older adults presenting with trauma in emergency departments?
They are less likely to receive senior review compared to younger adults.
What is one of the physiological changes in older adults that can mask injury during trauma?
Decreased blood pressure
What is suggested to better identify major trauma in older adults when they arrive at the emergency department?
Use a specific tool called the Older Adult Triage Tool.
What is emphasized as a key point for managing an older person who presents after trauma?
'That trauma doesn't have to be a road traffic accident, it might be just a fall.'
What is one of the critical things for older adults who come in with a fall, according to the text?
Immobilization with spinal precautions without senior decision
What is emphasized as a critical step within the emergency department for a person on anticoagulant, according to the text?
Reversal of anticoagulation
What does the text suggest is necessary to reduce the distress and period of immobilization for older adults with falls?
Early senior decision on spinal precautions
What is mentioned as a critical point in the emergency department for someone on an anticoagulant?
Reversal of anticoagulation
What is one of the things within the emergency department that requires protocols around its management?
Reversal of anticoagulation
What is recommended in the text regarding access to whole body CT scanning?
Access with appropriate consideration of its appropriateness
What is indicated as potentially leading to a major trauma potential for death and disability, according to the text?
Falling off their seat
What does the text recommend for decisions related to spinal precautions for older adults who come in with a fall?
Early senior decision on whether spinal precautions need to proceed or not
This quiz delves into the topic of trauma in older persons as discussed by consultant geriatrician Emer Ahern. It covers the definition of trauma in the context of older individuals and explores the implications of aging on orthopedic injuries.
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