Trauma in Older Persons: Understanding and Implications
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Questions and Answers

What are some intrinsic risk factors for falls in older people?

  • Muscle weakness and gait/balance problems (correct)
  • Dim lighting and glare
  • Lack of handrails and improper use of assistive devices
  • Slippery or uneven surfaces

    • Which factor is an example of an extrinsic risk for falls?

  • Poor stair design and lack of handrails (correct)
  • Decreased papillary response to light variation
  • Chronic conditions like arthritis and stroke
  • Fractures and head injuries

    • What is the most common type of fracture after the age of 75?

  • Arm fracture
  • Hip fracture (correct)
  • Head fracture
  • Leg fracture

    • What is the impact of falls on an older person's independence?

    <p>It leads to a loss of confidence and anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental factor can increase the risk of falls?

    <p>The type of furniture in a person's house (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant cost attached to falls?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a biological risk factor for falls?

    <p>(e.g., balance and gait deficiency, acute or chronic health conditions, cognitive impairment, low vision) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is considered an extrinsic risk for falls in older people?

    <p>(e.g., a lack of handrails or the wrong type of handrail) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the single most important risk factor for falls according to the text?

    <p>A history of falls in the past year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition should be tested for, as it is a common falls risk factor?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors increases the risk of falling in older adults?

    <p>Malnourishment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as associated with a higher risk for falls and emphasizes the need to consider social factors?

    <p>Social isolation and loneliness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of drugs is mentioned as potentially increasing the risk of falls?

    <p>Psychoactive drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be tested both lying and standing as a common falls risk factor?

    <p>Blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with a higher risk for falls due to environmental hazards?

    <p>Poor lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What increases the risk of falling in older adults due to poor balance and visual impairment?

    <p>Alcohol misuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the agreed definition of older age according to the delphi study mentioned in the text?

    <p>Life expectancy at age 60 in a population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary injury type associated with older adult trauma?

    <p>Orthopedic musculoskeletal injuries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of major trauma in the older adult population, as described in the text?

    <p>Falls from a standing height or sitting height (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the specialty of geriatric medicine primarily focus on, as stated by Dr. Ahern?

    <p>Looking after older adults with complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it difficult to define what 'older' means?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How has the profile of individuals experiencing major trauma changed over the past 30 years?

    <p>Most major trauma now occurs in older adults due to falls at home (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the delphi study mentioned in the text?

    <p>Defining the outcomes that older people want (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Dr. Ahern, what is geriatric medicine ultimately about?

    <p>Looking after older adults with complex multi-domain needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the historical origin of the speciality in trauma ortho geriatrics?

    <p>It originated with older adults who broke their hips. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the collaboration between geriatric medicine and another specialty?

    <p>To improve outcomes for patients with hip fractures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What recent evidence supports the importance of early intervention and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for older adult trauma?

    <p>A paper from a group in Bristol demonstrating almost halved mortality with CGA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a crucial point about frailty and multimorbidity in the module?

    <p>A structured approach to the care of an older adult makes a significant difference to their management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue related to older adults presenting with trauma in emergency departments?

    <p>They are less likely to receive senior review compared to younger adults. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the physiological changes in older adults that can mask injury during trauma?

    <p>Decreased blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested to better identify major trauma in older adults when they arrive at the emergency department?

    <p>Use a specific tool called the Older Adult Triage Tool. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as a key point for managing an older person who presents after trauma?

    <p>'That trauma doesn't have to be a road traffic accident, it might be just a fall.' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the critical things for older adults who come in with a fall, according to the text?

    <p>Immobilization with spinal precautions without senior decision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as a critical step within the emergency department for a person on anticoagulant, according to the text?

    <p>Reversal of anticoagulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest is necessary to reduce the distress and period of immobilization for older adults with falls?

    <p>Early senior decision on spinal precautions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentioned as a critical point in the emergency department for someone on an anticoagulant?

    <p>Reversal of anticoagulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the things within the emergency department that requires protocols around its management?

    <p>Reversal of anticoagulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is recommended in the text regarding access to whole body CT scanning?

    <p>Access with appropriate consideration of its appropriateness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated as potentially leading to a major trauma potential for death and disability, according to the text?

    <p>Falling off their seat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text recommend for decisions related to spinal precautions for older adults who come in with a fall?

    <p>Early senior decision on whether spinal precautions need to proceed or not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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