Trauma in Older Persons: Understanding and Implications

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Questions and Answers

What are some intrinsic risk factors for falls in older people?

  • Muscle weakness and gait/balance problems (correct)
  • Dim lighting and glare
  • Lack of handrails and improper use of assistive devices
  • Slippery or uneven surfaces

Which factor is an example of an extrinsic risk for falls?

  • Poor stair design and lack of handrails (correct)
  • Decreased papillary response to light variation
  • Chronic conditions like arthritis and stroke
  • Fractures and head injuries

What is the most common type of fracture after the age of 75?

  • Arm fracture
  • Hip fracture (correct)
  • Head fracture
  • Leg fracture

What is the impact of falls on an older person's independence?

<p>It leads to a loss of confidence and anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental factor can increase the risk of falls?

<p>The type of furniture in a person's house (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant cost attached to falls?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a biological risk factor for falls?

<p>(e.g., balance and gait deficiency, acute or chronic health conditions, cognitive impairment, low vision) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered an extrinsic risk for falls in older people?

<p>(e.g., a lack of handrails or the wrong type of handrail) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the single most important risk factor for falls according to the text?

<p>A history of falls in the past year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition should be tested for, as it is a common falls risk factor?

<p>Orthostatic hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors increases the risk of falling in older adults?

<p>Malnourishment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as associated with a higher risk for falls and emphasizes the need to consider social factors?

<p>Social isolation and loneliness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of drugs is mentioned as potentially increasing the risk of falls?

<p>Psychoactive drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be tested both lying and standing as a common falls risk factor?

<p>Blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with a higher risk for falls due to environmental hazards?

<p>Poor lighting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What increases the risk of falling in older adults due to poor balance and visual impairment?

<p>Alcohol misuse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the agreed definition of older age according to the delphi study mentioned in the text?

<p>Life expectancy at age 60 in a population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary injury type associated with older adult trauma?

<p>Orthopedic musculoskeletal injuries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of major trauma in the older adult population, as described in the text?

<p>Falls from a standing height or sitting height (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the specialty of geriatric medicine primarily focus on, as stated by Dr. Ahern?

<p>Looking after older adults with complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to define what 'older' means?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the profile of individuals experiencing major trauma changed over the past 30 years?

<p>Most major trauma now occurs in older adults due to falls at home (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the delphi study mentioned in the text?

<p>Defining the outcomes that older people want (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Dr. Ahern, what is geriatric medicine ultimately about?

<p>Looking after older adults with complex multi-domain needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the historical origin of the speciality in trauma ortho geriatrics?

<p>It originated with older adults who broke their hips. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the collaboration between geriatric medicine and another specialty?

<p>To improve outcomes for patients with hip fractures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What recent evidence supports the importance of early intervention and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for older adult trauma?

<p>A paper from a group in Bristol demonstrating almost halved mortality with CGA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a crucial point about frailty and multimorbidity in the module?

<p>A structured approach to the care of an older adult makes a significant difference to their management. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common issue related to older adults presenting with trauma in emergency departments?

<p>They are less likely to receive senior review compared to younger adults. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the physiological changes in older adults that can mask injury during trauma?

<p>Decreased blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested to better identify major trauma in older adults when they arrive at the emergency department?

<p>Use a specific tool called the Older Adult Triage Tool. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as a key point for managing an older person who presents after trauma?

<p>'That trauma doesn't have to be a road traffic accident, it might be just a fall.' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the critical things for older adults who come in with a fall, according to the text?

<p>Immobilization with spinal precautions without senior decision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as a critical step within the emergency department for a person on anticoagulant, according to the text?

<p>Reversal of anticoagulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest is necessary to reduce the distress and period of immobilization for older adults with falls?

<p>Early senior decision on spinal precautions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as a critical point in the emergency department for someone on an anticoagulant?

<p>Reversal of anticoagulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the things within the emergency department that requires protocols around its management?

<p>Reversal of anticoagulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended in the text regarding access to whole body CT scanning?

<p>Access with appropriate consideration of its appropriateness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated as potentially leading to a major trauma potential for death and disability, according to the text?

<p>Falling off their seat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text recommend for decisions related to spinal precautions for older adults who come in with a fall?

<p>Early senior decision on whether spinal precautions need to proceed or not (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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