Transrectal Ultrasound in Cows
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Questions and Answers

Which part of the uterus is described as hyperechoic and homogeneous?

  • Perimetrium (correct)
  • Endometrium
  • Pyometra
  • Myometrium

    • What is the recommended further investigation for the cow in the text?

  • Endometrial biopsy
  • Sample of fluid and vaginal discharge (correct)
  • Ultrasound whole uterus and ovaries
  • Take a thorough history

    • What is the diagnosis or differential diagnosis mentioned in the text for the cow?

  • Metritis (correct)
  • Endometritis
  • Mucometra
  • Pyometra

    • What is the anechoic structure mentioned in the image report?

    <p>Follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medium echogenicity, heterogenous structure mentioned in the image report?

    <p>Corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended investigation if there is doubt about the cow's condition?

    <p>Ultrasound whole uterus and ovaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible diagnosis suggested by the presence of a dominant corpus luteum?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technical assessment of the image mentioned in the text?

    <p>Image appears to be of diagnostic quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the orientation of the image mentioned in the text?

    <p>Longitudinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if there is doubt about the condition of the cow?

    <p>Perform an endometrial biopsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ultrasound machine is used for transrectal ultrasounds in cows?

    <p>Portable tans rectal ultrasound machine with a linear transducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a safety measure for the operator and patient during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Be aware of the flight injuries zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which view is used to examine the ovaries during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Longitudinal view</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common reason for undertaking a transrectal ultrasound in cows?

    <p>Diagnosing pregnancy and determining its status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of image orientation is shown in Image 1?

    <p>Transverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the technical assessment of Image 1?

    <p>The area of interest is not central nor taking up 75% of the screen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the content of the transrectal ultrasound machine that can be connected to a screen or goggles?

    <p>Linear transducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the restraint method mentioned as the gold standard during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Head locker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common reason for examining the uterus during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Examining the lungs and heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common reason for assisting with artificial insemination during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Assisting with embryo transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some safety measures for the operator and patient during a transrectal ultrasound in cows?

    <p>Keep close to the animal to prevent kicking, well restrained to prevent flight injuries, and work in a quiet environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the common reasons for undertaking a transrectal ultrasound in cows?

    <p>Pregnancy diagnosis and status, examination of uterus and ovaries, and assistance with artificial insemination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended restraint method during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Crush or head locker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ultrasound machine is used for transrectal ultrasounds in cows?

    <p>Portable transrectal ultrasound machine with a linear transducer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of views are used to examine the ovaries and uterus during a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Simple doppler applied transrectally, longitudinal views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended lubrication for a transrectal ultrasound?

    <p>Shoulder length gloves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible diagnosis suggested by the presence of a dominant corpus luteum?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible diagnoses mentioned in the text for the cow?

    <p>Pyometra, Myometrial Mucometra, Endometritis, Metritis, Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the recommended further investigations/recommendations mentioned in the text?

    <p>Sample of fluid and vaginal discharge, Endometrial biopsy, Take a thorough history, Ultrasound whole uterus and ovaries, If in doubt, take it out (of life)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the possible diagnosis suggested by the presence of a dominant corpus luteum?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the description of the uterine wall lining mentioned in the text?

    <p>Hyperechoic homogenous – perimetrium (outer lining of the uterus), Medium echogenicity heterogenous – uterine wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diagnosis mentioned in the text for the cow with medium echogenicity fluid within the uterine hall with thickened walls?

    <p>Pyometra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the description of the structure mentioned in the image report as medium echogenicity, heterogenic?

    <p>Corpus luteum/cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible diagnoses mentioned in the text for the cow's condition?

    <p>Pyometra, Myometrial Mucometra, Endometritis, Metritis, Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the recommended further investigations/recommendations mentioned in the text?

    <p>Sample of fluid and vaginal discharge, Endometrial biopsy, Take a thorough history, Ultrasound whole uterus and ovaries, If in doubt, take it out (of life)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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