Transport Across Cell Membrane

False (B)

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Osmosis is the passive movement of water across a semi permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration. It is different from simple diffusion as it is specifically about the movement of water across a membrane rather than other substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ions can move across the cell membrane through ion channels, which are specific protein pores that allow the passage of certain ions. There are several types of ion channels: leakage channels, which are always open, voltage-gated channels, which open in response to changes in membrane potential, and ligand-gated channels, which open in response to the binding of a specific molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sodium-potassium pumps are active transporter proteins that use ATP to pump sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. They maintain the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium across the cell membrane, which is essential for nerve impulse conduction and maintaining cell volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transport maximum is the maximum rate at which a substance can be transported across a membrane using a carrier protein. It is determined by the number of carrier proteins present in the membrane. In some cases, factors like hormones can also influence the number of carriers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple Diffusion = Movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy, following the concentration gradient Facilitated Diffusion = Movement of substances across a membrane with the help of carrier proteins, but still without requiring energy, following the concentration gradient Active Transport = Movement of substances across a membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy and often involving carrier proteins Endocytosis = Process by which cells engulf particles or molecules from outside the cell, forming a vesicle Exocytosis = Process by which cells release particles or molecules from inside the cell, by fusing a vesicle containing these substances with the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

Movement of substances across cell membrane without requiring energy.

Movement of substances across cell membrane requiring energy.

Simple diffusion occurs directly through the cell membrane from high concentration to low concentration, doesn't need a carrier protein.

Movement of substances according to its concentration gradient, from high concentration to low concentration.

The rate of diffusion is affected by factors like the size of the molecule, solubility in the membrane, temperature, and surface area.

Watery pathways through integral protein part of cell membrane that allow specific ions to pass through.

Channels that open or close in response to a specific stimulus, such as change in voltage or the binding of a ligand.

Gated channels that open or close in response to the binding of specific molecules, like neurotransmitters.

Gated channels that open or close in response to changes in the electrical potential across the membrane.

A type of passive transport that involves the movement of substances across the membrane with the aid of carrier proteins, following the concentration gradient.

The maximum rate at which a carrier protein can transport a specific solute, determined by the number of carriers.

A type of active transport that directly uses energy (ATP) from the breakdown of ATP to move substances across the membrane against their concentration gradient.

A carrier protein that pumps sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, maintaining concentration gradients and contributing to cell membrane potential.

A type of active transport that uses the energy stored in the concentration gradient of one substance to move another substance across the membrane against its concentration gradient.

Secondary active transport where the two substances move in the same direction across the membrane.

Secondary active transport where the two substances move in opposite directions across the membrane.

Process of transporting substances from inside the cell to the outside of the cell.

Process of transporting substances from the outside of the cell to the inside of the cell.

A type of endocytosis where the cell engulfs large particles, like bacteria or debris.

The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration, or from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

The pressure required to prevent the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a diluted solution to a concentrated solution.

A solution with the same solute concentration as the inside of the cell.

A solution with a lower solute concentration than the inside of the cell.

A solution with a higher solute concentration than the inside of the cell.

A solution with a lower solute concentration than the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell, which can cause swelling or even bursting.

A solution with a higher solute concentration than the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell, which can cause shrinking or dehydration.