Transmission System Overview

Study Notes

A transmission system is a network of high-voltage transmission lines, substations, and transformers that transport electrical energy from power plants to the distribution system.
The primary function is to transmit bulk power over long distances with minimal loss of energy.

Transmission lines: High-voltage lines that carry electrical energy from power plants to substations.
- Overhead lines: Suspended on towers, supported by insulators.
- Underground lines: Cables buried underground, often used in urban areas.
Substations: Facilities that increase or decrease voltage levels, and switch power flow between lines.
- Transformers: Increase or decrease voltage levels.
- Circuit breakers: Disconnect power flow in case of faults.
Transformers: Step-up transformers at power plants increase voltage, while step-down transformers at substations decrease voltage.

Power flow: Electrical energy flows from power plants to substations, and then to the distribution system.
Load management: Managing power demand to ensure reliable supply and prevent overloading.
Fault detection and isolation: Identifying and isolating faults to prevent system-wide failures.

Radial system: A single transmission line connects a power plant to a substation.
Loop system: Multiple transmission lines form a loop, providing redundancy and reliability.
Mesh system: A network of interconnected transmission lines, providing high reliability and flexibility.

Efficient transmission: Minimizes energy loss over long distances.
Reliable supply: Redundancy and fault tolerance ensure reliable power supply.
Scalability: Can be expanded to meet increasing power demands.

Line losses: Energy loss due to resistance in transmission lines.
Voltage stability: Maintaining stable voltage levels to prevent system instability.
Cybersecurity: Protecting the transmission system from cyber threats.

A transmission system is a network of high-voltage transmission lines, substations, and transformers that transport electrical energy from power plants to the distribution system.
The primary function is to transmit bulk power over long distances with minimal loss of energy.

Transmission lines are high-voltage lines that carry electrical energy from power plants to substations.
Overhead lines are suspended on towers, supported by insulators.
Underground lines are cables buried underground, often used in urban areas.
Substations are facilities that increase or decrease voltage levels, and switch power flow between lines.
Transformers increase or decrease voltage levels.
Circuit breakers disconnect power flow in case of faults.

Power flow is the electrical energy flow from power plants to substations, and then to the distribution system.
Load management involves managing power demand to ensure reliable supply and prevent overloading.
Fault detection and isolation involves identifying and isolating faults to prevent system-wide failures.

Radial system: a single transmission line connects a power plant to a substation.
Loop system: multiple transmission lines form a loop, providing redundancy and reliability.
Mesh system: a network of interconnected transmission lines, providing high reliability and flexibility.

Line losses occur due to resistance in transmission lines.
Voltage stability is crucial to maintain stable voltage levels and prevent system instability.
Cybersecurity is essential to protect the transmission system from cyber threats.