Podcast
Questions and Answers
________ fiber is suitable for point to point transmissions
________ fiber is suitable for point to point transmissions
Multimode
________ frequencies are referred to as microwave frequencies
________ frequencies are referred to as microwave frequencies
1GHz ~ 40GHz
Highly directional beams are possible in ________ transmission
Highly directional beams are possible in ________ transmission
wireless
________ portion of the spectrum is useful for local point-to-point and multipoint applications within confined areas
________ portion of the spectrum is useful for local point-to-point and multipoint applications within confined areas
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________ antennas can be used for both transmission and reception in two-way communication
________ antennas can be used for both transmission and reception in two-way communication
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An ________ antenna radiates power in all directions equally
An ________ antenna radiates power in all directions equally
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____ is a physical transmission medium that includes twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber.
____ is a physical transmission medium that includes twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber.
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____ is an example of guided transmission media.
____ is an example of guided transmission media.
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____ is a type of guided transmission media that uses light to transmit data.
____ is a type of guided transmission media that uses light to transmit data.
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____ is an example of unguided transmission media.
____ is an example of unguided transmission media.
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____ is a wireless propagation method that involves signals bouncing off the ionosphere.
____ is a wireless propagation method that involves signals bouncing off the ionosphere.
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____ is a wireless propagation method that involves signals traveling close to the ground.
____ is a wireless propagation method that involves signals traveling close to the ground.
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Guided media includes twisted pair, coaxial cable, and ______ fiber
Guided media includes twisted pair, coaxial cable, and ______ fiber
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Unguided media, also known as ______, includes propagation through air, vacuum, and seawater
Unguided media, also known as ______, includes propagation through air, vacuum, and seawater
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A common type of guided media, twisted pair cable, consists of two ______ twisted together
A common type of guided media, twisted pair cable, consists of two ______ twisted together
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Coaxial cable is often used for guided transmission due to its high ______ and immunity to interference
Coaxial cable is often used for guided transmission due to its high ______ and immunity to interference
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In wireless transmission, signals travel through the ______, such as air or vacuum
In wireless transmission, signals travel through the ______, such as air or vacuum
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Fiber optic cable is known for its high ______ and faster data transmission compared to other guided media
Fiber optic cable is known for its high ______ and faster data transmission compared to other guided media
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Study Notes
Wireless Transmission Frequencies
- Frequencies range from 30 MHz to 40 GHz, divided into three categories: radio range (30 MHz), microwave frequencies (1 GHz - 40 GHz), and infrared portion of the spectrum.
- Radio range (30 MHz) is suitable for omnidirectional applications.
- Microwave frequencies (1 GHz - 40 GHz) are highly directional and suitable for point-to-point transmissions and satellite communications.
- Infrared portion of the spectrum is useful for local point-to-point and multipoint applications within confined areas.
Antennas
- Antennas are electrical conductors or systems of conductors used to radiate or collect electromagnetic energy.
- Radio frequency electrical energy from the transmitter is converted into electromagnetic energy by the antenna and radiated into the surrounding environment.
- Reception occurs when the electromagnetic signal intersects the antenna.
Types of Antennas
- Isotropic antenna: radiates power in all directions equally, with an actual radiation pattern resembling a sphere with the antenna at the center.
- Omnidirectional antenna: radiates most of its power in one plane (either vertical or horizontal), e.g., 360°.
Transmission Media
- Guided media: twisted pair, coaxial cable, and optical fiber.
- Unguided media: isotropic/parabolic antenna, terrestrial microwave, satellite microwave, and broadcast radio.
Data, Signal, Transmission
- Data: entities that include meaning or information, can be analog (continuous values) or digital (discrete values).
- Signal: an action, sound, or movement that conveys a message, information, or order; an electromagnetic or electrical current that carries data from one system or network to another.
- Transmission (or Signaling): physical propagation and processing of signals along a suitable medium.
Line Configuration
- Direct link: no intermediate devices other than amplifiers or repeaters are used to increase signal strength.
- Topology: physical arrangement of stations on medium, including point-to-point (P2P) and multi-point configurations.
Transmission Modes
- Simplex: signals are transmitted in only one direction, one station is transmitter and the other is receiver.
- Duplex:
- Half duplex: only one station may transmit at a time, requires one data path.
- Full duplex: simultaneous transmission and reception between two stations, requires two data paths.
Channel Capacity - Bandwidth and Data Rate
- Channel capacity is measured by bandwidth and data rate.
- Examples of channel bandwidth include AM radio (10 kHz), FM radio (200 kHz), and cellular/wifi frequencies (300 MHz - 30 GHz).
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Description
Test your knowledge on topics related to transmission media including signal types, transmission impairments, electromagnetic spectrum, and physical transmission media such as guided and unguided media.
