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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements correctly describes the reaction of Iron(II) ions, $Fe^{2+}$, with hydroxide ions, $OH^-$, in aqueous solution?
Which of the following statements correctly describes the reaction of Iron(II) ions, $Fe^{2+}$, with hydroxide ions, $OH^-$, in aqueous solution?
- The solution remains clear with no visible reaction.
- A yellow solution is produced due to the formation of $Fe(OH)_3$.
- A dark blue solution forms, indicating the formation of a complex ion.
- A green precipitate of $Fe(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$ is formed. (correct)
What is the expected observation when excess ammonia ($NH_3$) is added to Copper(II) ions, $Cu^{2+}$, in an aqueous solution?
What is the expected observation when excess ammonia ($NH_3$) is added to Copper(II) ions, $Cu^{2+}$, in an aqueous solution?
- No visible reaction occurs.
- A light blue solution forms.
- A blue precipitate forms, which does not dissolve upon further addition of ammonia.
- A dark blue solution is formed as the ammonia acts as ligand. (correct)
Which of the following describes the shape of the complex formed when concentrated hydrochloric acid ($HCl$) is added to copper (II) ions?
Which of the following describes the shape of the complex formed when concentrated hydrochloric acid ($HCl$) is added to copper (II) ions?
- Tetrahedral (correct)
- Octahedral
- Square planar
- Linear
What is the formula of the precipitate formed when hydroxide ions ($OH^−$) are added dropwise to Chromium(III) ions ($Cr^{3+}$) in aqueous solution?
What is the formula of the precipitate formed when hydroxide ions ($OH^−$) are added dropwise to Chromium(III) ions ($Cr^{3+}$) in aqueous solution?
Iron(III) ions, $Fe^{3+}$, react with hydroxide ions, $OH^-$, to form a precipitate. What is the correct formula and expected observation for this precipitate?
Iron(III) ions, $Fe^{3+}$, react with hydroxide ions, $OH^-$, to form a precipitate. What is the correct formula and expected observation for this precipitate?
Consider the reaction between Iron(II) ions, $Fe^{2+}$, and aqueous ammonia, $NH_3$. What type of reaction is this, and what are the expected observations?
Consider the reaction between Iron(II) ions, $Fe^{2+}$, and aqueous ammonia, $NH_3$. What type of reaction is this, and what are the expected observations?
What is the resulting complex when excess hydroxide ($OH^−$) is added to copper (II) ions, and what is its shape?
What is the resulting complex when excess hydroxide ($OH^−$) is added to copper (II) ions, and what is its shape?
When aqueous ammonia ($NH_3$) is added drop by drop to Chromium(III) ions ($Cr^{3+}$), a precipitate forms. What happens to this precipitate if excess ammonia is added?
When aqueous ammonia ($NH_3$) is added drop by drop to Chromium(III) ions ($Cr^{3+}$), a precipitate forms. What happens to this precipitate if excess ammonia is added?
Which of the following correctly identifies the type of reaction that occurs when aqueous ammonia is added to Copper(II) ions, and what is the resulting observation?
Which of the following correctly identifies the type of reaction that occurs when aqueous ammonia is added to Copper(II) ions, and what is the resulting observation?
What is the product formed when excess ammonia ($NH_3$) reacts with $Cr^{3+}$(aq)?
What is the product formed when excess ammonia ($NH_3$) reacts with $Cr^{3+}$(aq)?
Flashcards
Iron II + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
Iron II + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
[Fe(H2O)6]2+(aq)
OBSERVATION: GREEN SOLUTION
SHAPE: OCTAHEDRAL
Iron II + OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron II + OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
[Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)
OBSERVATION: GREEN PRECIPITATE (may oxidise to brown)
SHAPE: OCTAHEDRAL
REACTION: ACID/BASE
Iron II + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron II + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
[Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)
OBSERVATION: GREEN PRECIPITATE
SHAPE: OCTAHEDRAL
REACTION: ACID/BASE
Iron II + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron II + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Iron III + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
Iron III + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
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Iron III + OH-(aq)</sub
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron III + OH-(aq)</sub
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Iron III + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron III + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Iron III + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Iron III + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Copper II + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
Copper II + (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
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Copper II + OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Copper II + OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Copper II + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Copper II + NH3(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Copper II + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Copper II + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Copper II + conc. HCl(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Copper II + conc. HCl(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Chromium III (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
Chromium III (aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
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Chromium III + OH-(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Chromium III + OH-(aq) (drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Chromium III + XS OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Chromium III + XS OH-(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Chromium III + NH3(aq)(drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Chromium III + NH3(aq)(drop by drop)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Chromium III + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
Chromium III + XS NH3(aq)
FORMULA
OBSERVATION
SHAPE
REACTION TYPE
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Study Notes
- Transition metal ions in aqueous solutions and their reactions with hydroxide ions and ammonia
- Focus on Iron(II), Iron(III), Copper(II) and Chromium(III)
Iron(II) Reactions
-
$Fe^{2+}$(aq) stands for Iron(II) ions in aqueous solution
-
Iron(II) + $OH^−$ produces $Fe(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which appears as a green precipitate and has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Iron(II) + $NH_3$ (drop by drop) produces green precipitate $Fe(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Iron(II) + XS $NH_3$ produces green precipitate $Fe(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
$Fe(H_2O)_6^{2+}$(aq) appears as a green solution and has an octahedral shape
Iron(III) Reactions
-
$Fe^{3+}$(aq) stands for Iron(III) ions in aqueous solution
-
Iron(III) + $OH^−$ produces $[Fe(H_2O)_3(OH)_3]^{3+}(aq)$, which appears as a brown precipitate and has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Iron(III) + $NH_3$ (drop by drop) produces brown precipitate $[Fe(H_2O)_3(OH)_3]^{3+}(aq), which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Iron(III) + XS $NH_3$ produces brown precipitate $[Fe(H_2O)_3(OH)_3]^{3+}(aq), which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
$Fe(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$ may oxidise to a brown colour
-
$Fe(H_2O)_6^{3+}(aq)$ appears as a yellow solution and has an octahedral shape
Copper(II) Reactions
-
$Cu^{2+}$(aq) means Copper(II) ions in aqueous solution
-
Copper(II) + $OH^−$ produces $Cu(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which appears as a blue precipitate and has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Copper(II) + $NH_3$ (drop by drop) produces blue precipitate $Cu(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Copper(II) + XS $NH_3$ produces dark blue solution $[Cu(H_2O)_2(NH_3)_4]^{2+}(aq)$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is a ligand substitution reaction
-
Copper(II) + XS $OH^−$ produces blue precipitate $Cu(H_2O)_4(OH)_2$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Copper(II) + conc. $HCl$ produces yellow/green solution $CuCl_4$, which has a tetrahedral shape
- This is a ligand substitution reaction
-
$Cu(H_2O)_6^{2+}(aq)$ appears as a light blue solution and has an octahedral shape
Chromium(III) Reactions
-
$Cr^{3+}$(aq) stands for Chromium(III) ions in aqueous solution
-
Chromium(III) + $OH^−$ produces $[Cr(H_2O)_2(OH)_2] (S)$, which appears as a green/grey precipitate and has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
Chromium(III) + XS $OH^−$ produces green solution $[Cr(OH)_6]^{3-}(aq)$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is a ligand substitution reaction
-
Chromium(III) + $NH_3(aq)$ produces green/grey precipitate $[Cr(H_2O)_2(OH)_2] (S)$, which also has an octahedral shape
- This is an acid/base reaction
-
$[Cr(H_2O)_6]^{2+}(aq)$ appears as a green solution and has an octahedral shape
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