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Questions and Answers
What is one example of a transgenic plant that has been engineered for insect resistance?
What is one example of a transgenic plant that has been engineered for insect resistance?
Which plant has been genetically modified for delayed fruit ripening?
Which plant has been genetically modified for delayed fruit ripening?
Among the following, which crop has been genetically engineered for herbicide resistance?
Among the following, which crop has been genetically engineered for herbicide resistance?
Which plant has been modified for pollen control?
Which plant has been modified for pollen control?
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Which transgenic plant has altered oil content due to genetic engineering?
Which transgenic plant has altered oil content due to genetic engineering?
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What is a crop that has been genetically engineered for virus resistance?
What is a crop that has been genetically engineered for virus resistance?
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What is the source of the gene in transgenic Bt corn?
What is the source of the gene in transgenic Bt corn?
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What is the function of the Bt toxin in transgenic Bt corn?
What is the function of the Bt toxin in transgenic Bt corn?
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What are plants containing transgenes often referred to as?
What are plants containing transgenes often referred to as?
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What do desirable genes introduced into plants through genetic modification aim to provide?
What do desirable genes introduced into plants through genetic modification aim to provide?
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Which method of introducing genes into plants involves creating an identical copy of the original plant?
Which method of introducing genes into plants involves creating an identical copy of the original plant?
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In selective breeding, the offspring resulting from crossing two organisms with dominant genes for particular traits is known as a:
In selective breeding, the offspring resulting from crossing two organisms with dominant genes for particular traits is known as a:
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How does Agrobacterium tumefaciens cause crown gall disease?
How does Agrobacterium tumefaciens cause crown gall disease?
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Which technique involves delivering foreign DNA into a living cell through a glass micropipette?
Which technique involves delivering foreign DNA into a living cell through a glass micropipette?
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What is the 'biolistic' method commonly referred to as in the context of producing transgenic plants?
What is the 'biolistic' method commonly referred to as in the context of producing transgenic plants?
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Which method involves coating microscopic gold beads with genes and shooting them into plant cells?
Which method involves coating microscopic gold beads with genes and shooting them into plant cells?
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What effect does the expression of T-DNA have on plant cells after integration into the genome?
What effect does the expression of T-DNA have on plant cells after integration into the genome?
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How are plant cells 'electroporated' in the context of producing transgenic plants?
How are plant cells 'electroporated' in the context of producing transgenic plants?
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Study Notes
Organ Culture and Micro-propagation
- Organ culture involves growing isolated plant organs like anthers, roots, buds, and shoots.
- Micro-propagation is an alternative method of asexually propagating plants, often used for crop improvement and horticulture.
- The process involves four stages: initiation of sterile explant culture, shoot initiation, root initiation, and transfer to sterile soil.
Genetic Engineering of Crop Plants
- Genetic engineering involves adding new traits to crops, such as insect resistance, herbicide resistance, virus resistance, and altered oil content.
- Traits added to plants include: insect-resistant corn, cotton, potato, and tomato; herbicide-resistant corn, soybean, rice, sugar beet, and canola; virus-resistant squash, papaya, and potato; delayed fruit ripening in tomato; and altered oil content in canola and soybean.
Transgenic Plants
- Transgenic plants contain artificially inserted genes from another unrelated plant or species.
- Examples of transgenic plants include Bt corn, which produces its own insecticide and contains a gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis.
Methods of Introducing Genes into Plants
- Selective breeding involves crossing two members of the same species with dominant alleles for desirable traits.
- Cloning involves creating an identical copy of an original plant using tissue culture methods.
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium that can transfer genes into the plant genome, and scientists have used this process to introduce new genes into plants.
- Other techniques used to produce transgenic plants include microinjection of single cells, biolistic gene transfer, and electroporation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on transgenic plants, which are genetically modified organisms with inserted gene sequences from other plants or species. Learn about examples like transgenic Bt corn, engineered with a gene from soil bacteria to produce its own insecticide.
