Transformers Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the two types of coils found in a transformer?

  • Primary and Auxiliary
  • Primary and Tertiary
  • Primary and Direct
  • Primary and Secondary (correct)

The transformer core is primarily made of plastic sheets.

False (B)

What physical principle do transformers operate on?

electromagnetic induction

The movement of the magnetic flux generates an electromotive force in the ______ winding.

<p>secondary</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of a transformer with their function:

<p>Core = Provides a path for magnetic flux Primary Winding = Receives electric voltage Secondary Winding = Delivers transformed voltage Insulation = Prevents electrical short circuits</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of power transformers?

<p>To vary the voltage while maintaining power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Step-down transformers increase the output voltage relative to the input voltage.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a step-up transformer, which winding has more turns?

<p>secondary winding</p> Signup and view all the answers

A step-down transformer has more turns in the ______ winding than in the secondary winding.

<p>primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of transformer with its description:

<p>Power Transformer = Maintains power while varying voltage Step-up Transformer = Increases output voltage Step-down Transformer = Decreases output voltage Voltage Transformer = Not a standard type</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a high voltage generator?

<p>To release electrons from the cathode filament (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The high voltage transformer is responsible for the low voltage circuit in the generator.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one component that acts as an electrical insulator in a high voltage generator.

<p>Oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

The high voltage generator releases electrons from the _______ due to incandescence.

<p>cathode filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the high voltage generator with their functions:

<p>Autotransformer = Increases output power Low voltage transformer = Supplies power to the filament Rectifiers = Converts AC to DC Oil Filled Cavity = Acts as an electrical insulator</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a rectifier?

<p>To convert alternating current into direct current (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Diodes allow electric current to flow in both directions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device is primarily used to achieve rectification?

<p>diodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electrons are accelerated from the cathode to the ______ to create X-rays.

<p>anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Rectification = The process of converting AC to DC Diode = An electronic device that allows current to flow in one direction Anode = The electrode where electrons are collected Cathode = The electrode from which electrons are emitted</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the secondary voltage in a high voltage transformer compared to the primary voltage?

<p>It is higher than the primary voltage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transformers can operate with both alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC).

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what unit is the secondary voltage of a high voltage transformer measured?

<p>kilovolts peak (kVp)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary current of a transformer is measured in _____ and the secondary current is measured in _____

<p>amperes (A), milliamperes (mA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Primary Voltage = Measured in volts (V) Secondary Voltage = Measured in kilovolts peak (kVp) Primary Current = Measured in amperes (A) Secondary Current = Measured in milliamperes (mA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the secondary connections on an autotransformer?

<p>To adjust and control the output voltage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An autotransformer can only decrease voltage, not increase it.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary connections of an autotransformer labeled in the diagram?

<p>A and A'</p> Signup and view all the answers

The autotransformer can increase the voltage to approximately _____ the input voltage.

<p>twice</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the connections of the autotransformer with their functions:

<p>A = Input power connection C = Increases voltage E = Decreases voltage A' = Input power connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of electric measurement transformers?

<p>To vary high voltages or intensities for safe measurement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electric measurement transformers can measure both current intensity and voltage potential.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transformer is designed to handle three-phase systems?

<p>Three-phase transformers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an external component of the RX tube?

<p>Rotating Piece (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electric measurement transformers use a high-voltage primary winding and a __________ secondary winding.

<p>low-voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the function to the type of electric measurement transformer:

<p>Current transformer = Measures current intensity Potential transformer = Measures voltage potential Three-phase transformer = Handles three-phase power systems Voltage divider = Reduces voltage to a manageable level</p> Signup and view all the answers

The X-rays are generated externally in the RX tube.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary material used for the rotating anode in the RX tube?

<p>Tungsten</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ emits the electrons necessary for producing X-rays.

<p>Cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the RX tube with their functions:

<p>Anode = Target for electron interaction Electron Cloud = Collection of emitted electrons Filament = Heats up to emit electrons Glass Housing = Encases the internal structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum frequency at which a synchronizing timer is designed to rotate its shaft?

<p>60 revolutions per second (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electronic timers are less precise than mA timers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device automatically ends exposure once the needed radiation intensity is reached?

<p>Automatic Exposure Control</p> Signup and view all the answers

An mA timer monitors the product of mA and exposure time and ends exposure when the desired ______ value is reached.

<p>mA</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following timer types with their descriptions:

<p>Synchronizing Timer = Uses an electric motor for synchronization at 60 revolutions per second Electronic Timer = Allows a wide range of selectable time intervals with high precision mA Timer = Ends exposure when the desired mA value is reached Automatic Exposure Control = Measures radiation reaching the image receptor and stops exposure accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the timer circuit in an X-ray system?

<p>To activate and deactivate the high voltage across the X-ray tube (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An automatic safety clock can allow continuous exposure of a patient for more than six seconds.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does mAs represent in radiographic exposure?

<p>milliampere-seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

The timer circuit is typically found in the ______ equipment of the high-voltage transformer.

<p>primary</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the component with its function in radiographic exposure:

<p>mA = X-ray tube current Automatic safety clock = Limits exposure time Timer circuit = Controls high voltage activation High-voltage transformer = Increases voltage for X-ray production</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

High Voltage Generator Function

Increases power from an autotransformer, creating high voltage by accelerating electrons.

Cathode Function

Releases electrons when heated, often from a filament.

High Voltage Transformer Role

Increases voltage from the autotransformer for the cathode-anode pathway.

Filament Heating Source

Low voltage transformer for heating the cathode filament.

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Oil's Function

Acts as an electrical insulator in the high voltage generator.

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Transformer Core

Insulated steel sheets forming the magnetic path in a transformer.

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Transformer Winding

Coils of copper wire with insulation, forming the primary and secondary circuits.

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Transformer Primary

The input electrical winding, determining the initial magnetic flux.

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Transformer Secondary

The output electrical winding, producing the transformed voltage.

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Electromagnetic Induction

The principle where a changing magnetic field produces an electromotive force (voltage).

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Power Transformer

Changes alternating current voltage while keeping power constant.

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Step-up Transformer

Increases voltage from input to output.

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Step-down Transformer

Decreases voltage from input to output.

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Transformer Function

Changes voltage levels in an AC circuit while maintaining power.

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AC

An alternating current.

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Rectification

The process of converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

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Diode

An electronic device with two electrodes that allows current flow in only one direction.

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X-ray Generation

Created by accelerating electrons from the cathode to the anode.

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Cathode

The negatively charged electrode that releases electrons when heated, often by a filament.

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Anode

The positively charged electrode that attracts electrons from the cathode, causing X-rays.

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High Voltage Transformer

A device that increases the voltage of an electrical current, used in X-ray machines to generate high-energy X-rays.

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Primary Voltage

The input voltage to the high voltage transformer. It is usually measured in volts (V).

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Secondary Voltage

The output voltage from the high voltage transformer. It is usually measured in kilovolts peak (kVp).

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Primary Current

The current flowing through the primary coil of the transformer. It is usually measured in amperes (A).

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Secondary Current

The current flowing through the secondary coil of the transformer. It is usually measured in milliamperes (mA).

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Measurement Transformers: Purpose

Electric measurement transformers safely change high voltages and currents to lower, measurable values.

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Current Measurement: How?

A small portion of the line current passes through the primary winding of the transformer, and the secondary winding reduces it to a safe level for measurement.

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Potential Measurement: What?

Measurement transformers have a high-voltage primary winding and a low-voltage secondary winding, allowing safe measurement of potential difference.

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Three-Phase Transformers

These transformers have three windings for both the primary and secondary, making them smaller, lighter, and more efficient.

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Measurement Transformers: Why?

These transformers allow safe and accurate measurement of high voltages and currents in electrical systems.

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What is the RX tube's primary function?

The RX tube converts electrical energy into X-rays for medical imaging.

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What material is the Rotating Anode made of?

Tungsten is used because it has a high melting point and can withstand the heat generated during X-ray production.

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What is the role of the Electron Cloud?

Electrons released from the Cathode form a cloud around the filament, waiting to be accelerated towards the Anode.

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What is the function of the Protective Coating?

The outer layer of the RX tube is a protective coating that shields against radiation leakage.

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What is the purpose of the Oil?

Oil acts as a coolant and electrical insulator, preventing electrical discharges.

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Autotransformer

A transformer with a single coil and multiple connections along its length. It can increase or decrease voltage by tapping into different points on the coil.

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Primary Connections (A and A')

The connections on an autotransformer that receive the input power. They are typically located at opposite ends of the coil.

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Secondary Connections (C and E)

Connections along the autotransformer coil that provide the output voltage. The location determines if the voltage is increased or decreased.

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Increasing Voltage

Tapping into a secondary connection closer to the primary connection where higher voltage is available.

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Decreasing Voltage

Tapping into a secondary connection further away from the primary connection where lower voltage is available.

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What is the relationship between mA, time, and X-ray intensity?

The number of X-rays hitting the image receptor is directly proportional to the X-ray tube current (mA) and exposure time (s).

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Automatic Safety Clock

A circuit that limits the duration of an X-ray exposure to a predetermined time, usually about 6 seconds, as a safety measure.

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Timer Circuit Function

Controls the duration of the high voltage applied across the X-ray tube, effectively turning it on and off.

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Where does the timer circuit operate?

The timer circuit is separate from the main X-ray system circuits and operates on the primary side of the high-voltage transformer, where the voltage is lower.

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Why is the timer circuit on the primary side?

The timer circuit can control the high voltage more safely and effectively at lower voltage levels.

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Synchronous Timer

An electric motor designed to rotate at exactly 60 revolutions per second, used for synchronization in X-ray machines, but rarely used today.

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Electronic Timer

A sophisticated timer with a wide range of adjustable intervals, allowing for precise X-ray exposures with intervals as small as 1 millisecond.

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mA Timer

A timer that controls the duration of an X-ray exposure based on the product of mA (milliamperes) and exposure time, ending the exposure when the desired amount of mA is reached.

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Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)

A device that measures the radiation reaching the image receptor during an X-ray exposure and automatically ends the exposure once the desired radiation intensity is achieved.

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Ionization Chamber

A device, often located between the patient and the image receptor, that measures the radiation hitting the image receptor in AEC systems, ending the exposure once a specified charge is reached.

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Study Notes

High Voltage Generator Components

  • The device has a high voltage transformer
  • The device also has a low voltage transformer for the filament circuit
  • The device also has a high voltage transformer for the cathode-anode circuit
  • Rectifiers are in the high voltage circuit
  • Oil in the device acts as an electrical insulator

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Description

Test your knowledge about transformers, their types, and functions with this quiz. You'll explore key concepts such as step-up and step-down transformers and their components. Perfect for students looking to deepen their understanding of electrical engineering principles.

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