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Questions and Answers
In a core-type transformer, the primary and secondary coils are placed around the laminated core in what manner?
In a core-type transformer, the primary and secondary coils are placed around the laminated core in what manner?
- In a separate manner
- Twisted around each other
- Together on top of each other
- Side by side (correct)
What is the main purpose of the core in a transformer?
What is the main purpose of the core in a transformer?
- To provide a continuous magnetic path (correct)
- To provide insulation between primary and secondary coils
- To reduce the weight of the transformer
- To prevent overheating of the transformer
Which type of transformer is more commonly used in power generation units?
Which type of transformer is more commonly used in power generation units?
- Shell type
- Air-core type
- Core type (correct)
- Step-up type
What is the difference between practical and ideal transformers?
What is the difference between practical and ideal transformers?
What does the efficiency of a transformer depend on?
What does the efficiency of a transformer depend on?
Which type of transformer is more suitable for high voltage applications?
Which type of transformer is more suitable for high voltage applications?
What does 'voltage regulation' refer to in transformers?
What does 'voltage regulation' refer to in transformers?
What is the purpose of using shell-type transformers?
What is the purpose of using shell-type transformers?
How does a shell-type transformer differ from a core-type transformer in terms of construction?
How does a shell-type transformer differ from a core-type transformer in terms of construction?
A step-up transformer has a secondary winding with ______ turns compared to the primary winding.
A step-up transformer has a secondary winding with ______ turns compared to the primary winding.
Which type of transformer increases the magnitude of an AC voltage from one level to another?
Which type of transformer increases the magnitude of an AC voltage from one level to another?
In a step-down transformer, the induced EMF in the secondary winding is ______.
In a step-down transformer, the induced EMF in the secondary winding is ______.
What is the main function of a practical transformer?
What is the main function of a practical transformer?
Which type of transformer is essential in long-distance power transmission?
Which type of transformer is essential in long-distance power transmission?
What happens to the induced EMF in a step-down transformer when compared to the input signal?
What happens to the induced EMF in a step-down transformer when compared to the input signal?
Why are step-up transformers crucial in power transmission systems?
Why are step-up transformers crucial in power transmission systems?
In a practical transformer, what is the role of the core?
In a practical transformer, what is the role of the core?
What is a key reason for using transformers in electrical systems?
What is a key reason for using transformers in electrical systems?
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Study Notes
Construction of Transformers
- Laminated steel sheet is used to construct transformers, with high silicon content, high permeability, and low hysteresis loss.
- Laminations are coated with a light layer of core-plate varnish or an oxide layer to minimize eddy current loss.
- Lamination thickness varies from 0.35 mm to 0.5 mm, depending on the frequency (50 Hz to 25 Hz).
Types of Transformers
- Core-type transformers have windings surrounding a considerable part of the core, with a rectangular shape and circular or rectangular coils.
- Shell-type transformers have a core surrounding the windings, with a simple rectangular form and multi-layer disc-type coils.
- Core-type transformers are used in high voltage applications (e.g., electrical energy transmission, primary distribution), while shell-type transformers are used in low voltage applications (e.g., electronic circuits, power electronic converters).
Ideal vs. Practical Transformers
- Ideal transformers have zero core loss and copper loss, 100% efficiency, and zero ohmic resistance drop.
- Practical transformers have finite core and copper loss, efficiency dependent on loading and power factor, and non-zero voltage regulation.
- Ideal transformers are hypothetical and cannot be realized practically.
Characteristics of Practical Transformers
- Uses electromagnetic induction to transform voltage levels.
- Has a magnetic flux present around the core.
- Can be used to raise or lower voltage levels, increase or decrease inductor or capacitor values, prevent DC passage, isolate electric circuits, and step up voltage levels.
Applications of Transformers
- Used in power generation, transmission, and distribution.
- Common applications include pumping stations, railways, industries, commercial establishments, windmills, and power generation units.
Step-up and Step-down Transformers
- Step-up transformers have a greater number of turns in the secondary winding, increasing the induced EMF.
- Step-down transformers have a lesser number of turns in the secondary winding, decreasing the induced EMF.
- Transformers are used to change the magnitude of AC voltage or current from one level to another.
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