Transformer Efficiency

Transformers

• The primary function of a transformer is to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another through electromagnetic induction, while changing the voltage and current levels.

Efficiency

• The efficiency of an ideal transformer is 100%, meaning that all the input energy is transferred to the output without any loss.
• In reality, transformers have energy losses due to resistance in the wire, magnetic core losses, and other factors, resulting in an efficiency less than 100%.

Energy Loss

• The main cause of energy loss in a transformer is the resistance in the primary and secondary coils, which leads to heat generation and energy dissipation.

Efficiency and Load

• As the load increases, the efficiency of a transformer generally decreases due to increased energy losses, particularly in the copper windings and magnetic core.

High Efficiency Transformers

• The purpose of using a transformer with a high efficiency rating is to reduce energy losses and heat generation, resulting in cost savings, increased reliability, and a longer lifespan.