Questions and Answers
What are the main components of a transformer?
Core, windings, and insulating fluid
Transformers come with ____ to release compressed air.
Pressure relief valve
What is the key component of a transformer that provides a path for magnetic coupling of two windings?
Core
The transformer core is made of?
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How does the transformer core improve its efficiency?
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Transformer core is constructed in what configurations?
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Wound type core is an example of?
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Shell type core is an example of?
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What type of steel has been recently utilized to further reduce the losses with the core?
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What is the most popular material for the windings in a transformer?
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Which windings in a transformer are smaller?
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Which windings in a transformer are larger?
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What shape are the winding wires in a transformer?
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Why are winding conductors coated with insulation?
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How are the secondary windings tagged?
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What plays a critical role in cooling and insulating the core and coil assembly?
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How does the insulating fluid facilitate cooling?
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The circulation of the oil by heat is called?
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What type of oil is typically used in transformers?
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Convection of transformer oil is similar to?
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PCB stands for?
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PCB insulating fluid is typically known as?
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What should you refer to when determining proper handling procedures when working with old PCB transformers?
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What cools the transformer?
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Insulating fluid is identified by?
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What can build up inside a transformer?
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How is pressurized gas formed inside a transformer?
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What hazards are there when working around a transformer?
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How do manufactures help prevent excessive gas from forming inside a transformer?
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Where is the pressure relief valve located on a pole mounted transformer?
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At what pressure will the pressure relief valve activate and vent excess gas?
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What additional components are added internally into a CSP transformer?
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Internal faults in a CSP transformer are isolated how?
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How are internal fuses replaced in CSP transformers?
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What component is intended to disconnect the hot legs of a CSP transformer in the event of an overload or short circuit in the secondary side?
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How are pad mounted transformer fuses different from pole mounted transformers?
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Where are fuses located in pad mounted transformers?
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What is this CSP transformer component, Primary fuse?
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What is this CSP transformer component, Secondary breaker?
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Study Notes
Transformer Components
- Main components: core, windings, and insulating fluid.
- Core provides a path for magnetic coupling between the windings.
- Transformer cores are constructed from thin laminations of grain-oriented silicon steel, coated with insulating material.
Core Types
- Wound type core and shell type core are two configurations for transformer cores.
- Amorphous steel is utilized to reduce energy losses in the core.
Windings
- Copper is the most popular material for transformer windings.
- Primary windings are smaller than secondary windings.
- Winding wires can be round or rectangular ribbon and are insulated to prevent short circuits.
- Secondary windings are tagged A, B & C, D.
Insulating Fluid
- Essential roles include cooling and insulating the core and coil assembly.
- Insulating fluid facilitates cooling by transferring heat to the tank or radiators.
- Convection describes the oil circulation, similar to hot wax around a candle wick.
- Mineral oil is the typical choice for insulating fluid.
- Identification can be done through non-PCB tags or data on the nameplate.
Pressure Management
- Transformers can build up pressure in the form of gas due to winding shorts.
- Excess gas can lead to hazards, like the lid blowing off.
- Countermeasures include installing a pressure relief valve, located above the oil level, which activates around 10 psi.
CSP Transformers
- CSP transformers contain internal fuses and a secondary breaker to isolate faults.
- Internal faults are managed by these fuses, which can be replaced by de-energizing the transformer and removing the lid.
- Internal secondary breakers disconnect hot legs during overloads or short circuits.
Fuses and Breakers
- Pad-mounted transformer fuses differ from pole-mounted fuses as they operate externally but are located inside the transformer.
- In pad-mounted transformers, fuses are found on the primary side compartment underneath the oil level.
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Description
Explore the essential components of transformers, including the core, windings, and insulating fluid. Learn how each part contributes to the efficient operation of transformers, with insights into material choices and designs. Test your knowledge on the different core types and the role of insulating fluids in transformer functionality.
