Questions and Answers
Explain the difference between transcription and replication in DNA processing.
Transcription is the process of copying the DNA sequence of a gene into a complementary RNA molecule, while replication is the process of copying the entire DNA molecule. Transcription produces one molecule of RNA that is complementary to the transcribed DNA sequence, while replication produces two identical daughter molecules of DNA.
What is the function of a promoter in transcription?
A promoter is a sequence of DNA that signals the start of transcription by binding to RNA polymerase. It is located upstream of the transcription start site.
Describe the concept of promoter strength and its impact on gene transcription.
Different promoters have different strengths, which determine how often the gene is transcribed. Promoters with higher strength bind to RNA polymerase more effectively, leading to increased transcription of the associated gene.
What is the role of RNA polymerase in the process of transcription?
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What constitutes the transcription unit in DNA processing?
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Where is the transcription start site located in relation to the promoter?
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How does the process of transcription contribute to gene expression?
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Explain the difference in the end products of replication and transcription.
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What are the three types of RNA polymerase in eukaryotes?
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What does RNA polymerase I transcribe in eukaryotes?
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What does RNA polymerase II transcribe in eukaryotes?
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What does RNA polymerase III transcribe in eukaryotes?
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What is the role of general transcription factors in eukaryotic transcription?
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How many RNA polymerases do eukaryotes have, and what are they?
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What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription?
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What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
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