unit 3 cc7

Transcription is the process of copying the DNA sequence of a gene into a complementary RNA molecule, while replication is the process of copying the entire DNA molecule. Transcription produces one molecule of RNA that is complementary to the transcribed DNA sequence, while replication produces two identical daughter molecules of DNA.

A promoter is a sequence of DNA that signals the start of transcription by binding to RNA polymerase. It is located upstream of the transcription start site.

Different promoters have different strengths, which determine how often the gene is transcribed. Promoters with higher strength bind to RNA polymerase more effectively, leading to increased transcription of the associated gene.

<p>RNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes transcription by binding to the promoter and moving along the DNA strand, synthesizing an RNA molecule that is complementary to the DNA template.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transcription unit is the DNA sequence that is transcribed into RNA, including the promoter, the coding sequence, and the terminator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The transcription start site is located downstream of the promoter, marking the point where transcription begins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription is the first step in gene expression, as it involves copying the DNA sequence of a gene into mRNA, which is then used to produce proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Replication produces two identical daughter molecules of DNA, while transcription produces one molecule of RNA that is complementary to the transcribed DNA sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II, and RNA polymerase III</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>rRNA (ribosomal RNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mRNA (messenger RNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tRNA (transfer RNA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These proteins bind to the promoter and help to recruit RNA polymerase to the transcription start site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eukaryotes have three RNA polymerases: RNA polymerase I, RNA polymerase II, and RNA polymerase III.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prokaryotes have a single RNA polymerase, while eukaryotes have three. Prokaryotic transcription is a continuous process, while eukaryotic transcription is more complex and involves multiple steps. Prokaryotic mRNA is often translated into protein while it is still being transcribed, while eukaryotic mRNA must first be processed before it can be translated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tRNA is involved in protein synthesis by bringing amino acids to the ribosome during translation.</p> Signup and view all the answers