Transcription and RNA Processing Quiz
10 Questions
7 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the role of exons in mRNA processing?

  • Exons form spindle apparatus and attach to chromosomes during cell division
  • Exons enable the cleavage of pre-mRNA and join to release mature mRNA (correct)
  • Exons are responsible for light absorption and electron energy production in chloroplasts
  • Exons carry out protein synthesis by joining amino acids into polypeptide chains

    • What is the composition of each ribosomal subunit?

  • mRNA and ribosomal proteins
  • tRNA and amino acids
  • rRNA and ribosomal proteins (correct)
  • mRNA and tRNA

    • Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosome (correct)
  • Chloroplast

    • What happens during Metaphase 2 of meiosis?

    <p>Replicated chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the light reaction in chloroplasts?

    <p>Light is absorbed and electrons help create energy gradients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of exons in mRNA processing?

    <p>Exons enable the cleavage of pre-mRNA to release the mature mRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of each ribosomal subunit?

    <p>Each subunit is made up of rRNA and ribosomal proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during Anaphase 2 of meiosis?

    <p>Sister chromatids separate to form individual chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

    <p>Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis throughout the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the light reaction in chloroplasts?

    <p>Light absorbed and electrons help create a proton gradient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transcription and mRNA Processing

    • Information encoded in DNA is made into a complementary RNA copy through transcription.
    • Eukaryotic mRNAs undergo post-transcriptional modifications, including:
      • Addition of a 5' prime guanine cap by a capping enzyme to protect the mRNA from degradation and facilitate translation.
      • Addition of a poly-A tail by poly-A polymerase to enhance translation efficiency.
    • mRNA splicing occurs through the action of a spliceosome, which removes introns and joins exons.
    • The difference between pre-mRNA and mature mRNA lies in the presence of introns, which are removed during splicing to produce a translatable mRNA.

    mRNA Structure and Function

    • The guanine cap at the 5' end of the mRNA protects it from degradation and facilitates translation.
    • The poly-A tail at the 3' end of the mRNA enhances translation efficiency.
    • Mature mRNA is translated by ribosomes to produce a protein product.

    RNA Interference (RNAi)

    • RNAi is a mechanism of gene expression regulation that involves the silencing of specific genes.
    • miRNA is a type of RNA that plays a key role in RNAi, acting as a direct silencer of specific genes.

    Ribosome Structure and Function

    • The ribosome is composed of a large and small subunit.
    • The ribosome attaches to the mRNA and reads the sequence of nucleotides to produce a protein product.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of transcription and RNA processing with this quiz. Explore concepts such as RNA synthesis, mRNA modifications, splicing, and more.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser