Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the function of RNA molecules that are usually non-coding?
What is the function of RNA molecules that are usually non-coding?
- They function as enzymes in transcription
- They function as structural or regulatory molecules (correct)
- They code for proteins
- They are involved in DNA replication
What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
- It binds to the dsDNA and initiates transcription at promoters (correct)
- It forms phosphodiester bonds in transcription
- It carries the gene sequence for non-coding RNA molecules
- It is used as the template strand for RNA synthesis
Where are promoters located in relation to the coding region of genes?
Where are promoters located in relation to the coding region of genes?
- Downstream of the coding region
- Upstream to the 5'-side of the coding region (correct)
- Within the coding region
- Adjacent to the template strand
What is responsible for interacting with the DNA in the '-helical region?
What is responsible for interacting with the DNA in the '-helical region?
How many times is the structure repeated in TFIIIA, the RNA Pol III transcription factor?
How many times is the structure repeated in TFIIIA, the RNA Pol III transcription factor?
How many C2H2 zinc fingers are usually required for DNA binding?
How many C2H2 zinc fingers are usually required for DNA binding?
What is the first step in gene expression?
What is the first step in gene expression?
Which enzyme complex catalyzes transcription in prokaryotes?
Which enzyme complex catalyzes transcription in prokaryotes?
What are the ribonucleotides required for transcription?
What are the ribonucleotides required for transcription?
In which direction does RNA synthesis occur?
In which direction does RNA synthesis occur?
Which strand of DNA carries the gene sequence that will be copied into an RNA molecule?
Which strand of DNA carries the gene sequence that will be copied into an RNA molecule?
What is the enzymatic synthesis of protein from a transcribed gene sequence?
What is the enzymatic synthesis of protein from a transcribed gene sequence?
What is the function of the holoenzyme formed by the association of the σ factor?
What is the function of the holoenzyme formed by the association of the σ factor?
What is used at very active gene promoters to help with the melting of the DNA duplex?
What is used at very active gene promoters to help with the melting of the DNA duplex?
What can initiate RNA synthesis without a primer?
What can initiate RNA synthesis without a primer?
What is present at the 5’-most end of almost all RNA?
What is present at the 5’-most end of almost all RNA?
What is the primary function of RNA Polymerase III?
What is the primary function of RNA Polymerase III?
Which statement accurately describes the initiation of transcription?
Which statement accurately describes the initiation of transcription?
What distinguishes the promoters of different genes in terms of transcription initiation efficiency?
What distinguishes the promoters of different genes in terms of transcription initiation efficiency?
In eukaryotes, which RNA Polymerase is responsible for transcribing most rRNA?
In eukaryotes, which RNA Polymerase is responsible for transcribing most rRNA?
What is the function of promoters in transcription initiation?
What is the function of promoters in transcription initiation?
What is the role of the template strand in transcription?
What is the role of the template strand in transcription?
What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What is the role of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
What is the role of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
How many zinc ions does one group of DNA-binding proteins utilize for correct protein folding?
How many zinc ions does one group of DNA-binding proteins utilize for correct protein folding?
What is the function of Zn2+ ions in DNA-binding proteins?
What is the function of Zn2+ ions in DNA-binding proteins?
What does the lac operon structure consist of?
What does the lac operon structure consist of?
In the absence of lactose, what is the status of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
In the absence of lactose, what is the status of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
What is the role of the σ-factor in E.coli transcription?
What is the role of the σ-factor in E.coli transcription?
What happens when the polymerase reaches a termination sequence in E.coli transcription?
What happens when the polymerase reaches a termination sequence in E.coli transcription?
In E.coli transcription, what is the effect of stalling the polymerase at the termination sequence?
In E.coli transcription, what is the effect of stalling the polymerase at the termination sequence?
What is the significance of the 12 bp hybrid between the template strand and the mRNA in E.coli transcription?
What is the significance of the 12 bp hybrid between the template strand and the mRNA in E.coli transcription?
What is the function of GTP or ATP in initiating E.coli transcription?
What is the function of GTP or ATP in initiating E.coli transcription?
Why does a fast growth rate in E.coli sometimes lead to queuing of the next polymerase holoenzyme?
Why does a fast growth rate in E.coli sometimes lead to queuing of the next polymerase holoenzyme?
What are the two forms of zinc finger domain?
What are the two forms of zinc finger domain?
Where do most regulatory proteins bind on the DNA?
Where do most regulatory proteins bind on the DNA?
What kind of proteins bind to the regulatory region of DNA to 'turn on' or 'off' the gene?
What kind of proteins bind to the regulatory region of DNA to 'turn on' or 'off' the gene?
What is the structure in the zinc finger domain that anchors the loop of amino acids?
What is the structure in the zinc finger domain that anchors the loop of amino acids?
What are the differences between the promoters of different genes responsible for?
What are the differences between the promoters of different genes responsible for?
In prokaryotes, how many RNA polymerase enzymes are present and which RNAs do they transcribe?
In prokaryotes, how many RNA polymerase enzymes are present and which RNAs do they transcribe?
What is the specific responsibility of RNA Polymerase II in eukaryotes?
What is the specific responsibility of RNA Polymerase II in eukaryotes?
Where does the binding of RNA polymerase complex occur during the initiation of transcription?
Where does the binding of RNA polymerase complex occur during the initiation of transcription?
What is the significance of the σ factor in transcription initiation?
What is the significance of the σ factor in transcription initiation?
What is the role of the holoenzyme in the transcription process?
What is the role of the holoenzyme in the transcription process?
What is the composition of the complete holoenzyme in terms of subunits and bound ions?
What is the composition of the complete holoenzyme in terms of subunits and bound ions?
What is the process that occurs stochastically over several nucleotide additions in transcription?
What is the process that occurs stochastically over several nucleotide additions in transcription?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What is responsible for interacting with the DNA in the '-helical region?
What is responsible for interacting with the DNA in the '-helical region?
What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
What is the function of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?
In the absence of lactose, what is the status of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
In the absence of lactose, what is the status of the lac repressor (Homotetramer) in the lac operon?
What is the enzymatic synthesis of RNA from a DNA template called?
What is the enzymatic synthesis of RNA from a DNA template called?
What is the process of making proteins from genetic information known as?
What is the process of making proteins from genetic information known as?
What enzyme complex catalyzes transcription in prokaryotes?
What enzyme complex catalyzes transcription in prokaryotes?
What are the ribonucleotides required for transcription?
What are the ribonucleotides required for transcription?
In which direction does RNA synthesis occur?
In which direction does RNA synthesis occur?
What are the two types of DNA strands used in transcription, and what are their respective functions?
What are the two types of DNA strands used in transcription, and what are their respective functions?
What type of proteins bind to the regulatory region of DNA to 'turn on' (and off) the gene?
What type of proteins bind to the regulatory region of DNA to 'turn on' (and off) the gene?
Where do the regulatory proteins bind to the DNA?
Where do the regulatory proteins bind to the DNA?
What is the composition of the zinc finger domain in terms of anchored amino acids and bound ions?
What is the composition of the zinc finger domain in terms of anchored amino acids and bound ions?
What are some of the opportunities for interactions provided by the exposed edges of the base pairs in the major groove?
What are some of the opportunities for interactions provided by the exposed edges of the base pairs in the major groove?
What are the differences between the promoters of different genes responsible for?
What are the differences between the promoters of different genes responsible for?
What are the responsibilities of RNA Polymerase I, II, and III in eukaryotes?
What are the responsibilities of RNA Polymerase I, II, and III in eukaryotes?
What is the process involved in the initiation of transcription?
What is the process involved in the initiation of transcription?
How many RNA polymerase enzymes are present in prokaryotes, and what is their responsibility?
How many RNA polymerase enzymes are present in prokaryotes, and what is their responsibility?
What is the structure that binds in the major groove of DNA in the zinc finger motif?
What is the structure that binds in the major groove of DNA in the zinc finger motif?
How many times is the zinc finger motif structure repeated in TFIIIA, the RNA Pol III transcription factor?
How many times is the zinc finger motif structure repeated in TFIIIA, the RNA Pol III transcription factor?
What type of proteins are formed by over 100 steroid hormone receptor transcription factors, and how do they bind to DNA?
What type of proteins are formed by over 100 steroid hormone receptor transcription factors, and how do they bind to DNA?
What is the role of the template strand in transcription?
What is the role of the template strand in transcription?
Where does the binding of RNA polymerase complex occur during the initiation of transcription?
Where does the binding of RNA polymerase complex occur during the initiation of transcription?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What is the physiological function of Thiogalactoside transketolase (lacA) in lactose metabolism?
What process is responsible for the dissociation of the σ factor from the core–DNA–RNA One -subunit to form the elongation complex?
What process is responsible for the dissociation of the σ factor from the core–DNA–RNA One -subunit to form the elongation complex?
What experiment demonstrated the ability of the σ factor to join with another core to form a new initiation complex?
What experiment demonstrated the ability of the σ factor to join with another core to form a new initiation complex?
What are the colors of the two $ subunits in the complete holoenzyme?
What are the colors of the two $ subunits in the complete holoenzyme?
Which ions are represented by red and orange spheres in the X-ray structure of Tth core RNAP?
Which ions are represented by red and orange spheres in the X-ray structure of Tth core RNAP?
What is the process called when the resulting increased size of the transcription bubble in the downstream direction must somehow be accommodated within the RNAP?
What is the process called when the resulting increased size of the transcription bubble in the downstream direction must somehow be accommodated within the RNAP?
What is the specific term for the process when the RNAP fails to escape the promoter and instead relieves the conformational tension by releasing the newly synthesized fragment?
What is the specific term for the process when the RNAP fails to escape the promoter and instead relieves the conformational tension by releasing the newly synthesized fragment?
What is the main function of the holoenzyme formed by the association of the σ factor?
What is the main function of the holoenzyme formed by the association of the σ factor?
What is the name of the process where the RNAP reinitiates transcription from the same position after relieving the conformational tension?
What is the name of the process where the RNAP reinitiates transcription from the same position after relieving the conformational tension?
What are the responsibilities of RNA Polymerase I, II, and III in eukaryotes?
What are the responsibilities of RNA Polymerase I, II, and III in eukaryotes?
What is the significance of the σ factor in transcription initiation?
What is the significance of the σ factor in transcription initiation?
What distinguishes the promoters of different genes in terms of transcription initiation efficiency?
What distinguishes the promoters of different genes in terms of transcription initiation efficiency?
What is the primary function of RNA Polymerase III?
What is the primary function of RNA Polymerase III?
