Transcendence in the Global Age
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Questions and Answers

What does Hinduism emphasize regarding individual identity?

  • The existence of multiple independent realities.
  • The rejection of individuality in favor of oneness with reality. (correct)
  • The pursuit of material wealth as the ultimate goal.
  • The importance of individuality over collectivism.

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary values in Hinduism?

  • Duty or righteousness.
  • Enlightenment.
  • Wealth and pleasure.
  • Rejection of worldly values. (correct)

    • What is the core belief that unites all expressions of Buddhism?

  • Enlightenment is unattainable for most individuals.
  • Nothing exists without a cause. (correct)
  • All beings have an independent self.
  • Everything is permanent and unchanging.

    • How does Buddha characterize the world in his teachings?

    <p>As fleeting and impermanent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Siddhartha Gautama is known for founding which major Eastern tradition?

    <p>Buddhism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential does every individual possess according to Buddhism?

    <p>The possibility of becoming a Buddha.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following virtues is included in Hinduism's spiritual value of duty?

    <p>Sincerity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Summa Theologica?

    <p>To explain the Christian faith to beginning theology students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate spiritual value emphasized in Hinduism?

    <p>Enlightenment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes humans from animals according to Thomas Aquinas?

    <p>Our conscience and moral agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which work of St. Augustine is recognized as his most popular?

    <p>Confessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept did Christian philosophers develop concerning the nature of human actions?

    <p>Moral agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the title 'Buddha' mean?

    <p>Enlightened one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'transcendence' primarily refer to in the context of this content?

    <p>Going beyond human limitations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the philosophies discussed, what is considered the deepest essence of humanity?

    <p>Spirit and soul</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary quest of human beings in Hinduism, according to the content?

    <p>To find absolute truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'Aum' (Om) symbolize in Hinduism?

    <p>The root of the universe and existence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main religious problem reflected in the Old Testament narratives?

    <p>Polytheism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the dual nature of human beings in Hinduism?

    <p>Spiritual and immortal; empirical life and its traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Merton suggest is necessary to regain awareness of our own spirituality?

    <p>Continuous movement towards God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context did early Christians first direct their preaching?

    <p>To Jews who accepted the reality of God</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the content characterize the relationship between Brahman and the soul in Hinduism?

    <p>The soul is a part of Brahman and seeks union with it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Augustine, what is the ultimate aim of philosophy?

    <p>Production of happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Augustine view wisdom in relation to God?

    <p>A manifestation of the divine Logos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which three major religions are highlighted in the content as focusing on human spirit and soul?

    <p>Buddhism, Hinduism, and Christianity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes Augustine's view on the relationship between faith and knowledge?

    <p>Faith enriches and enhances understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Augustine believe is necessary for achieving a fuller knowledge of God?

    <p>Knowledge of the physical world and human history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of Christianity is emphasized in the teachings of Augustine, Aquinas, and St. Anselm?

    <p>The love of God as the foundation of faith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What philosophical idea does Augustine associate with happiness?

    <p>Fullness of living and experiencing goodness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Augustine, what is the one undeniable fact we cannot doubt?

    <p>That we doubt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher emphasized the practical and moral aspect of knowledge?

    <p>Augustine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the quote 'I am the vine; you are the branches' signify?

    <p>Separation from God leads to failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of knowledge progression, what is the most basic form of knowledge according to the content?

    <p>Sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Thomas Aquinas view the role of human beings among creatures?

    <p>They possess a unique power to improve themselves and their environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Augustine mean by 'only the pure in heart shall see God'?

    <p>Moral integrity is essential for spiritual insight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of mysticism, what follows from the love and intuition of God?

    <p>All principles that guide humanity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'a bit lost' imply in the context of human existence without God?

    <p>Humans have no direction or ultimate purpose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Transcendence in the Global Age

    • Information Age creates an imbalance between human existence and conditions, fostering unprecedented problems.
    • Reflection on the past is necessary to envision the future; seek the divine image within.

    Philosophy of Transcendence

    • "Transcendental" means to "climb or go beyond" with different interpretations across cultures.
    • Major philosophies: Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity emphasize mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual aspects.

    Hinduism: The Pursuit of Absolute Truth

    • World's oldest organized religion, practiced for approximately 5,000 years.
    • Central to Hinduism is the quest for unity between the individual soul (Atman) and the universal spirit (Brahman).
    • Trimutri consists of three gods: Brahma (creator), Vishnu (preserver), and Shiva (destroyer).
    • The Aum (Om) symbolizes the universe, emphasizes sound over sight as the basis of reality.
    • The Bhagavad Gita teaches the oneness of reality; only Brahman is real, while everything else is illusion.
    • Four primary values include wealth and pleasure, spiritual duty, enlightenment, and the release from existence's cycle.

    Buddhism: From Suffering to Enlightenment

    • Buddhism is a universalist philosophy emphasizing that nothing exists without a cause.
    • Teaches potential Buddhahood, promoting equality and brotherhood among all beings.
    • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha), who lived from 560 to 477 BC.
    • The Buddha viewed the world as ephemeral, using poetic imagery to illustrate impermanence.

    Christianity: Philosophical Insights

    • Monotheistic belief in one God; Christianity affirms God's existence through Jesus Christ.
    • Early Christian efforts were directed towards Jews, later addressing various philosophies.
    • Augustine regarded philosophy as love for wisdom, linking happiness to the divine.
    • Philosophy viewed as fundamentally religious; knowledge and love of God are intertwined.
    • Augustine emphasized faith as the guide to understanding the world and divine characteristics.

    Key Philosophers and Concepts

    • Augustine's theory of knowledge integrates speculation and moral action; understanding God leads to fulfillment of the soul.
    • Thomas Aquinas highlighted human beings' unique moral agency and their ability to improve themselves.
    • Aquinas' significant works: Summa Theologica and Summa Contra Gentiles, focusing on defending and explaining Christian faith.

    Reflections on Compassion and Generosity

    • Reflect on Scriptures that emphasize compassion, envisioning a loving God communicating these values personally.

    Application of Buddhist Principles

    • The Eightfold Path serves as a guide for ethical living, important for familial and social relationships.

    Key Questions to Explore

    • Common flower associated with Buddhism.
    • Identification of the world's oldest organized religion.
    • Term for the oldest Indian sacred texts.
    • Constituent deities of the Trimutri.
    • Ultimate goal of Buddhism.
    • Meaning of the title "Buddha."
    • St. Augustine's renowned work, "Confessions."
    • Prominent works of Aquinas.
    • Concept developed by Christian philosophers.
    • Belief in the cycle of birth and rebirth.

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    Description

    Explore the imbalances of human existence in the Information Age. This quiz delves into the challenges we face and reflects on our past to understand our future. Drawing on Thomas Merton's insights, we seek to discover the divine image within ourselves.

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