Questions and Answers
What is the acceleration zone in relay races?
The 10 meters leading up to the exchange zone.
What is an anchor in a relay race?
The final runner for each team.
What does ancillary training refer to?
Non sports-specific training that helps athletes boost their overall performance.
What is the angle of release in throwing events?
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What is the approach phase in jumping events?
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What term is used to refer to track and field events?
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What is the purpose of a baton in a relay race?
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What is the bell lap in a race?
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What is a blind pass in relay races?
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What does blocking refer to in track and field?
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How is the distance measured for the box in pole vaulting?
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What are break-lines used for?
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What is a cage in track and field?
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What is a changeover in relay races?
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What does a check mark signify for runners?
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What are combined events in athletics?
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What is a crossbar in high jump?
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What are cross steps in javelin throwing?
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What is a crouch start?
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What is considered a dash in track events?
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What is a decathlon?
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What is the purpose of the Diamond League?
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What is a discus in track and field?
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What does it mean to engage in doping?
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What is the drive phase in a sprint race?
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What is a heat in track events?
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What is the high jump event?
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What are the hurdles in track and field?
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What does IAAF stand for?
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What is the impact area in throwing events?
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What is the glide technique in shot put?
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What is the javelin?
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What is the pole vault event?
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What characterizes a relay race?
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What is the sandpit in jumping events?
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What is the shot put in track and field?
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What is a sprint in athletics?
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What are starting blocks used for?
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What is steeplechase?
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What is the triple jump event?
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Study Notes
Track and Field Terminology
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Acceleration Zone: The initial 10 meters before the exchange zone in relay races; used by runners to build speed before passing the baton.
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Anchor: The last runner in a relay team, usually the fastest, responsible for closing the race.
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Ancillary Training: Non-sport-specific workouts that enhance athletic performance, such as weight training for runners or running for throwers' endurance.
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Angle of Release: The angle at which an implement is thrown; optimal for shot put is about 37-38 degrees.
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Approach: The preliminary running phase in jumping events and javelin throws leading to takeoff.
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Athletics: A term encompassing all track and field events, used in contexts like the Olympics.
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Baton: A hollow tube passed during relay races, with Olympic specifications of 28-30 cm in length.
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Bell Lap: The last lap of a race marked by an official ringing a bell to notify competitors.
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Blind Pass: A baton handoff method in 4 x 100-meter relays, performed without the receiving runner looking.
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Blocking: A technique used to transfer body momentum effectively, particularly in javelin throwing.
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Bounding: A training method combining running and jumping, frequently practiced by triple jumpers.
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Box: A designated area at the end of a pole vault runway where the pole is planted; dimensions are 1m x 0.6m at the front.
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Break-line: Track markings used in staggered starts to indicate when runners may leave their lanes.
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Cage: A safety enclosure around throwing circles for discus and hammer events, protecting spectators.
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Changeover: The process of baton exchange between runners in a relay race.
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Check Mark: Marks on the track placed by athletes or coaches to assist with approach runs.
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Combined Events: Competitions involving multiple track and field events, such as decathlon and heptathlon.
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Crossbar: The bar pole vaulters and high jumpers must clear during their jump attempts.
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Cross Steps: Final approach steps in javelin throwing, focusing on body alignment and javelin control.
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Crouch Start: Starting position without blocks, where runners are low and ready for the signal.
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Curb: The inner edge of a running track's lane.
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Dash: A term for sprint races, typically referring to distances up to 400 meters.
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Decathlon: A two-day, 10-event competition primarily for men, featuring different track and field events.
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Diamond League: A series of annual track and field meets awarding points based on event placements.
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Discus: A circular projectile used in throwing events, with weight specifications varying by gender.
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Discus Throw: An event focused on throwing the discus as far as possible, typically using a rotational technique.
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Doping: The illegal use of performance-enhancing drugs in athletics.
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Draft: Following closely behind another runner in a race to reduce wind resistance.
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Drive Phase: The initial part of a sprint or javelin approach where acceleration occurs.
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Dual-Alley Start: A staggered starting method used in large-distance races where runners must stay in outside lanes until clearing the turn.
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Exchange Zone: Designated 20-meter sections in relay races where baton exchanges occur.
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False Start: An early movement by a runner before the race begins, leading to potential disqualification.
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Fartlek: A varied speed running method, involving intervals of speed play during workouts.
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Field Events: Comprises jumping and throwing competitions, including high jump, pole vault, and shot put.
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Finish Line: The conclusive point of a race marking the end of competition.
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Flight Phase: The airborne segment of a jump, occurring between takeoff and landing.
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Fosbury Flop: A modern technique for high jump popularized by Dick Fosbury, where jumpers clear the bar face up.
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Glide Technique: A shot put method where the thrower maintains a straight line from the back to the front of the circle.
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Grip: The technique employed to hold a throwing implement or pole during pole vaulting.
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Grip Height: The measurement from the top of the pole to the athlete's upper hand in pole vaulting.
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Hammer: A throwing implement composed of a metal ball on a wire handle; weight varies by athlete's gender.
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Hammer Throw: An athletic competition aiming to throw the hammer as far as possible, typically with rotational moves.
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Headwind: Wind resistance affecting a sprinter or jumper, which can hinder performance.
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Heptathlon: A two-day, seven-event competition primarily for women, which awards points based on performance.
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Heat: A preliminary round of races leading to a final, particularly in events with multiple qualifying rounds.
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High Hurdles: See "hurdles race"; races involving barriers that runners must clear.
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High Jump: An event in which athletes attempt to jump over a horizontal bar.
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Hurdles: Barriers of various heights in hurdle races, requiring athletes to jump over during competition.
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IAAF: The governing body for international track and field, setting regulations and standards.
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Impact Area: The designated sector for landing in throwing events.
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Implement: Objects utilized in throwing contests, such as shot puts and javelins.
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Interval Training: A training regimen of alternating high-intensity and lower-intensity exercises.
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IOC: The International Olympic Committee, overseeing the Olympic Games and regulations.
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Javelin: A spear-like object thrown in javelin competitions, with weight differing for men and women.
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Javelin Throw: Athletic competition involving throwing a javelin for maximum distance.
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Jumps: A category of events incorporating vertical or horizontal leaps.
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Junior: Athletes under 20 years of age as of December 31 of a given year.
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Kick: A final surge of speed near the race's conclusion, also known as a "finishing kick."
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Long Jump: A jumping event where the goal is to achieve the longest horizontal distance.
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Pace: The speed at which a runner maintains during a race, critical for strategizing performance.
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Pentathlon: A combined event featuring five different disciplines.
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Pole Vault: A jumping event utilizing a pole to achieve great height.
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Relay Race: A team race typically involving four runners who pass a baton between legs.
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Sandpit: The landing area for long jump and triple jump events.
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Shot Put: A throwing event where athletes aim to throw a heavy ball the farthest.
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Sprint: Short-distance racing where speed and acceleration are essential.
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Starting Blocks: Devices used by sprinters to maximize their start.
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Steeplechase: A distance event featuring hurdles and water jumps.
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Triple Jump: A jumping event characterized by a series of three distinct jumps: hop, step, jump.
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Test your knowledge of essential terms in track and field with these flashcards. Learn definitions for key concepts like the acceleration zone and anchor. Perfect for athletes and fans looking to sharpen their understanding of the sport.