Toxicity Tests: Acute and Subacute Toxicity

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What is the primary goal of preclinical research in drug development?

To market a drug directly to consumers

To determine the toxicity of a drug in human subjects

To test the efficacy of a drug in human subjects

To identify the potential toxicity of a drug before human trials (correct)

What type of preclinical test is conducted on whole living organisms in their normal, intact state?

Screening test

In vivo test (correct)

Ex vivo test

In vitro test

What is the purpose of screening tests in preclinical research?

To identify the toxicity of a drug

To determine the optimal dosage of a drug

To detect specific pharmacodynamic activity (correct)

To test the efficacy of a drug

What type of preclinical test involves conducting tests on cells and tissues taken from a living organism in an artificial environment?

Ex vivo test Signup and view all the answers

Why are animal models used in preclinical research?

To simulate human disease models Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of in vitro tests in preclinical research?

They reduce the need for animal models Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of acute toxicity testing?

To calculate the dose that kills 50% of the test animals Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of drug administration in chronic toxicity testing?

6-12 months Signup and view all the answers

Which type of test is used to assess the ability of a drug to induce genetic damage?

Mutagenicity test Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of reproduction and teratogenicity testing?

The effect of the drug on the reproductive system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of clinical trials?

To assess the safety and efficacy of a drug in humans Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of drug administration in carcinogenicity testing?

The entire life of the animal Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of toxicity tests in drug development?

To determine the safety of the compound in at least two animal species Signup and view all the answers

Which type of test is used to determine the dose-response relationship of a drug?

Quantitative test Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for sacrificing animals in systemic pharmacology studies?

To obtain organs for further study Signup and view all the answers

In which type of test is the ADME of a drug quantified?

Pharmacokinetics test Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of studying the effects of a drug on major organ systems?

To understand the drug's effects on the body's systems Signup and view all the answers

Why are compounds found active in screening tests taken up for detailed study?

To confirm and characterize the activity of the drug Signup and view all the answers