Tourism Planning Phase and Experience Quiz

Introduction to Tourism

• Tourism is a fundamental geographic phenomenon that impacts economic, social, cultural, and environmental contexts globally.
• Approximately 100 million people are directly employed in the tourism industry worldwide.
• Tourism plays a significant role in social and economic globalization, and can also promote international peace and understanding.

Definition of Tourism

• The term "tourism" is subject to diverse definitions and interpretations.
• Day visiting is an important component of tourism, as it can have similar impacts and local geographies as overnight visitors.

Tourism Motivation

• The question of why people travel is essential to understanding tourism.
• Tourist motivations shape the spatial patterns of tourist movement and concentrations at preferred destinations.
• Tourism is a holistic experience that involves planning, travel, experience, and recall.

Structure of Tourism Experience

• The planning phase is informed by various inputs, including travel, experience, and recall.
• The actual visit is prefigured by a planning phase and then subsequently relived through memory.
• The model shows how experience is strongly grounded in geography, and important aspects of the tourist experience occur in the home environment.

Tourism Perspectives

• Two perspectives of tourism can be seen:
  • Demand Side Perspective: focuses on who the tourists are and what they want.
  • ERIC COHEN: categorized types of tourists based on sociology and anthropology.

Tourist Typologies

• Four types of tourists:
  • ORGANIZED MASS TOURIST: primarily interested in diversion and escaping daily life, highly dependent on tourism infrastructures.
  • DRIFTER: highly adventurous, seeks novelty, and lives with locals.
  • EXPLORER: has motivations for travel other than diversion, seeks unique experiences, and prefers to live with locals.
  • INDIVIDUAL MASS TOURIST: primary motivation is relaxation, recreation, or diversion, and seeks familiar and comfortable experiences.

Niche Tourism

• Special Interest Tourism (Alternative Tourism) allows destinations to exploit unique resources and create a sense of distinction.
• Niche tourism allows tourists to choose a vacation experience tailored to their specific interests.

Tourism Attractions

• Four broad categories of tourism attractions:
  • NATURAL ATTRACTIONS: based on physical geography, such as coast, mountains, forests, and so on.
  • HUMAN (NOT ORIGINALLY INTENDED FOR TOURISM): places or characteristics of places that had some other purpose or function, such as historic structures, religious institutions, and local culture.
  • MAN-MADE ATTRACTIONS: deliberately created to attract tourists, such as theme parks, museums, and so on.
  • EVENT-BASED ATTRACTIONS: time-limited events, such as festivals, concerts, and so on.