Questions and Answers
Who is considered the 'Father of Tourism'?
Tourism is defined as a permanent relocation of people to a different area for work purposes.
False
What does the term 'hospitality' derive from in Latin?
Hospes
Tourism includes personal business and _____ purposes.
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Match the following types of tours with their descriptions:
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Which characteristic of tourism indicates that products cannot be tested or sampled before purchase?
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Tourism is considered a low involvement product in the decision-making process.
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What term refers to the inability to inventory tourism products for the next day?
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The characteristic of tourism that describes the competition among various destinations is called __________.
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Match the following tourism characteristics with their definitions:
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Study Notes
Overview of Tourism
- Defined as a movement of individuals outside their usual environment for personal, business, or professional objectives.
- Temporary short-term movement to destinations beyond one’s regular living or working place.
- Etymology of tourism derives from the Latin word "TORA," indicating exploration and learning.
Key Figures in Tourism
- Thomas Cook is recognized as the "Father of Tourism" and established the first organized travel agency, Thomas Cook and Son.
- The first grand tour organized by Cook had 570 passengers, marking a significant moment in tourism history.
- Prior to Cook’s agency, Cox & Kings was a prominent travel agency.
Hospitality
- Originates from the Latin word "Hospes," meaning guest or visitor, and "Hospitare," which means welcoming guests.
Elements of Travel and Visitor Classification
- Essential elements of travel not detailed.
- Two classes of visitors not specified.
- Nature of tours not emphasized.
Factors Influencing Tourism
- Three factors impacting tourism are not discussed in detail.
Attractions and Importance of Tourism
- Four examples of attractions and eight importance factors of tourism not specified.
Early Forms of Tourism
- Two early forms of tourism are noted but not elaborated upon.
Package Tours
- Defined as inclusive or all-inclusive tours.
- Independent Inclusive Tours (IIT) involve separate reservations for services.
- Group Inclusive Tours (GIT) have all services included in one booking.
Characteristics of the Tourism Industry
- Intangible: Tourism products cannot be physically inspected before purchase.
- Inseparable: The product must be experienced in the location where it is offered.
- Variable: Experiences can differ based on various factors, even at the same venue.
- Perishable: Tourism products cannot be stored for future sale.
- Seasonal: Influenced by seasonal trends and tourism behavior patterns.
- Substitutable: Increasing competition leads to destinations being easily interchangeable.
Tourism as a High Involvement Product
- Decision-making in tourism purchases involves significant thought and consideration due to high costs and complexity.
- Tourism purchases often feature once-in-a-lifetime experiences, contributing to their unique nature.
Marketing in Tourism
- Evolving from simple advertising to a comprehensive strategic process focused on customer satisfaction and retention.
- Philip Kotler defines marketing as obtaining needs and wants through the exchange of value.
- Kotler, Bowen, and Makens further describe marketing as an art and science of acquiring and retaining customers.
Marketing as Management Process
- Marketing Information System: Collection and update of customer and competitor data.
- Marketing Planning: Analyzing the marketing environment and setting objectives.
- Planning Tactical Campaign: Developing practical campaigns aligned with marketing strategies.
- Marketing Operations: Implementing marketing strategies and adjusting as necessary.
- Monitoring and Control: Evaluating sales and marketing strategies, including customer feedback.
Core Marketing Functions
- Information Management: Gathering and analyzing customer data for improved service.
- Financing: Ensuring resources are available to support business operations.
- Pricing: Establishing cost and value balance for products and services.
- Promotion: Creating strategies to introduce and sell products effectively.
- Product Service Management: Involves the design and improvement of offers to meet customer needs.
- Distribution: Efficiently delivering products and services to customers.
- Selling: Focus on closing sales and encouraging repeat purchases.
The Marketing Mix
- Kotler emphasizes examining consumer needs to facilitate the exchange process.
- Each element (product, price, distribution, promotion) plays a crucial role in satisfying consumer requirements.
Integrated Marketing Communications Approach
- Increasing reliance on integrated marketing strategies amid rising costs and declining effectiveness of traditional advertising methods.
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Description
Explore the intricate concepts of tourism as recognized by the UNWTO and the Tourism Society of Britain. This quiz delves into the socio-cultural and economic aspects of travel, clarifying key definitions and historical roots of the term 'tourism'. Test your knowledge on this fascinating phenomenon.
