Tourism, Heritage, and Podcasts

Sustainable Tourism

• Is tourism that considers current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts.
• It addresses the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities
• It was defined by the World Tourism Organization in 2005

Cultural Heritage

• Is a shared source of remembrance, understanding, and identity in Europe
• It promotes dialogue, cohesion, and creativity
• It includes resources inherited from the past in all forms and aspects

Cultural Heritage Types

• Tangible: Includes castles, museums, and works of art
• Intangible: Includes songs and traditions
• Digital: Includes born-digital and digitized content

Collaborative Multilingual Writing Activities

• Reshape the narratives of landmarks
• Narrate off-the-beaten-track places

Podcasts Defined

• Audio program one can subscribe to on a smartphone, computer, or other suitable device
• Listeners can tune in at their convenience

Podcast Details

• Spoken word, audio episodes covering a specific topic or theme like startups
• Subscriptions can occur via an app for listening on headphones, in the car, or through speakers
• "Podcasting" was coined in February 2004, but has arguably existed as a medium since 2000
• Most podcasts are audio-only, while video podcasts exist

"Listening" - Tone, Topic, and Production

• Fruili is near Venice and Trieste
• Friuli offers a chance to discover the real Italy including World War I history, a wine region, skiing, and authentic cuisine

Effective Storytelling Elements

• Interesting setting: Takes people to places they cannot go
• Reflection: Characters share what they learned and how they have changed
• Great sounds: Audio should have an interesting character voice and other interesting sounds

Contributing factors for the Tone of Voice

• Length: Ranges from 18' to 49'
• Character: Combination of presenter, destination expert, and testimonials
• Sponsor: B2C website
• Tone: Informal, jolly, friendly, and personal
• Related materials: Transcripts, images, addresses, and foodbox
• References: Books in English about Rome
• Soundtrack: Reflects the stereotype of Italy; for example "pizza e mandolino"

"Listening" - Podcast "Where to go" Rome

• Featured a long introduction that was conversational
• Included the keyword "dreaming"
• Used a comic, funny, and informal approach to introducing the guest and greetings

The Podcast Questions in "Where to go" Rome

• Focused on love for Rome
• Included details about living in Trastevere and family origins in Abruzzo
• Provided personal details, geographical explanations, and cultural references
• Included acting as a mediator, and giving explanations for those unfamiliar with Italy
• Included a slight detour to discuss Abruzzo

Specific details for "Where to go Rome"

• The conversation was spontaneous and unstructured
• Subtopics included family, geographical references, and personal experiences
• Production included non-disturbing music and a jingle
• The hosts introduce their guests and the jingle

"Where to go Rome" Recommendations

• Suggestions and recommendations included Italian Expressions, Average Prices, Where to Stay, How to Save Money, Best Times to Visit, and Etiquette
• The podcast highlighted feeling part of the past and present, and the city's history

Rome's best qualities

• Layer upon layer
• Feeling small evokes a beautiful emotion
• Contrast between Australia and Italy
• Offers contrast between past, present, and future
• Creates an emotional element as it "gets under your skin" like New York
• Evokes a cosy feeling and offers a sense of history
• Has secret spots
• Presents gritty backstreets
• A green city
• Provides a plethora of restaurants and pizzerias

Rome's worst qualities

• Pickpockets
• Coperto
• Public transport
• Gladiators at the Colosseum
• Pushy flower sellers
• High drink prices from street vendors
• Long queues
• The "couldn't care less" attitude

Podcast Definition

• A digital recording of a radio broadcast or similar program
• Available on the internet for downloading to a personal audio player
• According to a BBC News in 2005

Podcasting History

• The roots of audio broadcasting dates to the early 1900s
• The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) started radio broadcasting in 1920 as entertainment and news
• Storytelling with technological progress, radio features, acoustic films, and radio documentaries influenced the new generation of audio storytellers

Impact of podcasts in tourism

• Several destinations and convention centers worldwide use podcasts in their tourist strategies
• A marketing tool to promote tourism destinations
• The number of travel podcasts on Apple iTunes increased from 173 in 2007 to 18,578 in January 2024

Podcast Research and Tourism

• There is a lack of research on travel podcasts despite their popularity
• Travelers and DMOs create podcasts to market visitor sites and destinations
• They enhance travel experiences
• Facilitate travelers and marketers

Podcast Examples

• The Trip That Changed Me is a transformative travel experience
• Zero to Travel is unconventional ways to travel
• Travel with Rick Steves - cultural insight and practical advice, hosted by a famous travel writer
• Musafir Stories features travel stories from across India
• Indie Travel Pod offers tips on sustainable travel
• Travel with RV features travel adventures

Podcasts Produced by DMOs

• Good Morning World Podcast – by Tourism New Zealand
• Amsterdam Audio Tours- To combat overtourism
• The Green Button Podcasts- Tourism Ireland

Formal Tone in Podcasts

• The goal is to inform listeners
• There is no conversation

Monologue podcasts

• These podcasts feature a solo voice without much supporting material and are akin to talk radio
• They feature interlude music or breaks for variety
• Examples include: The Memory Palace and Hardcore History

Types of Interviews

• Recordings of conversations between two or more people, with minimal editing

• Examples: The Accessible Stall, America Adapts: The Climate Change Podcast, and Sounding out!

• INTERVIEW (Intermediate):

• Evidence of some basic editing to remove particles, create, or clarify a narrative

• Example: WTF (Marc Maron), How to Science, and may run an advertisement

Conversation Among Hosts

• Combines elements of above
• Conversation between multiple regular hosts/contributors, like a standard panel discussion
• Example: How to Survive the End of the World with Autumn Brown and Adrienne maree brown

Narration/Voiceover Podcasts

• Voiceover structures the story (the ‘glue’)
• Combines picking and choosing pieces from interviews/audio clips
• Example: This American Life, 99% Invisible

Podcast- Non-Narrated

• Narrated with voices of people in the story - Little to no narration
• Examples: "Snap Judgement", "Love and Radio", and "Radio Diaries"

Podcast- Performance Presentations

• Live event recording that is ‘wrapped’ with a voiceover before/after to summarize or contextualize
• Example: The Moth

Podcast- Fictional Narrative

• Inspired by 20th Century Radio Dramas using original or adaptive written content
• Feature voice actors and sound design
• Examples: "Welcome to Night Vale", "Passenger List", and "The Truth"

The Vox Pop

• Opinions of regular people on the street to add to conversation or the news
• Record people's opinions of a festival, event etc with a microphone (or phone)
• Clips ideally should be about 30 to allow four or five in the podcast
• Can be edited for a more entertaining episode

Role- Producer

• The producer oversees the production and executes the show’s vision
• They ensure on-schedule releasing of high-quality episodes

Role- Outreach Manager

• Find people to Interview; often reaching out to find participants

The show Host/Speaker

• The show host is the face/voice, personable, charismatic, and insightful
• Able to build a rapport and relationship with guests, with a semi-pleasing voice
• It is tough speaking and maintaining vocal control, cadence, and interest, particularly while controlling the quality and flow of a conversation

The Writer/Editor

• Prepares recording notes and scripts
• Should prepare 9,500-10,500 characters per episode if reading word-for-word
• Some podcasts use multiple writers per episode (collaboratively)
• Show notes and audio descriptions help with SEO, accessibility, and audience growth

The Voice-Over Specialist

• Used according to the format and nature of the show
• To record outros and intros

Roles (Optional)

Graphic design

• Promoting a podcast requires social media and newsletter images

Podcast Must Haves

• A coordinator, with the following tasks:
• Focusing, organizing, and always thinking ahead and being comfortable learning new things every day
• Setting up podcast website
• Publishing podcast content on website
• Distributing show to directories
• Uploading new episodes to site/host
• Scheduling social Media posts
• Sending notification emails
• Audio engineer
• Turns raw recordings into polished episodes, adjusting noise and awkward pauses
• Add show segements and sound to episodes

Nicoletta Vasta Quote

• The podcast is the new blog: oral communication in global marketing during and beyond COVID-19
• During the pandemic, podcast listeners in Europe increased, but investigation is lacking

Podcast Study

• The study analyzed marketing podcast/vodcast series with metadiscursive that has structural unit

Podcast genre

• Evolving hybrid genre that is an effective global marketing tactic
• Ben Hammersley coined the term podcast in 2004, as broadcasting and pod combined
• Mainstream media websites include different types of podcasts, communicating opinions on political issues and current affairs

Podcasting Evolution

• Limited multimodal studies on podcasts, which are subject to evolution
• The Internet blurs producer and consumer lines to allow genre production
• Podcasts are audio-only
• Vodcasts combine audio and video
• Vodcasts/Podcasts are emerging as a tool and strategic communicative
• Allows media to grow exposure

Podcast Segmenting

• Segmenting multimodal texts helps to create orchestration of text
• Podcast series display formal differences (dialogic vs. monologic)
• The OpenMWS platform is used with annotation for sequences
• Podcasts have intro, goal, and outro

Creating a Podcast Intro

• Katie Steckley stated that it is important to write, define your podcast, and establish it's brand
• Connect quickly to capture and inform your audience

Create a Pitch for your podcast

• Important for singling out customers and communicating brand identity
• Synthesizes the concept, target audience, and position to advertise
• Presentation of PowerPoint presentation on Canva or Word
• Reflect personalities and tone of show
• Keep it short and clear
• Explain the podcast and what makes it special and it's helpfulness and enhancement to tourism

Podcast Pitch Must Haves

• Should show what your podcast is about and why it should matter
• In Italian, it's documented and sent to Italian speakers and producers
• Useful for producers creating the podcast and is a document that serves as a budget and a guide

How to Pitch Podcasts

• Mention previous episodes that left an impression
• Explain the value from your show and also add a condensed bio
• Mention relevant topics to cover and evoke curiosity for the producer and speaker, constructing a sentence of 2 components
• Focus sentence, consisting of Topic, Character, Value, and Challenge
• Xy Story Formula with the listener audience in mind

Podcast Structure- The intro

• A good intro can hook listeners to what you will talk about, and how to solve a problem or enhance their lives
• Main Content: The body and the main action
• The Conclusion helps summarize the episode and includes intro music and the key takeaways, as well as the episode to keep listeners coming back

Discover London- Audio

• The area transitioned in 1720 and is now a tourist destination
• Old school and London area like "fish and chips"

Guided Audio tour

• Has a formal guide with the stereotype Individuals doing Exercises

The audio

• The audio includes Rachel Hiding the Idols from Her Father Laban This show is wandering through museums" is your guide

Manzella Conference

• Language through Cambridge diction and sounds/words/grammar
• Multimodality includes display of representation as well as combining communication processes
• Multimodal Orchestration is the assembling organizing harmony for text
• Purpose of a Text is interpreted by the audience- Greimas considered desires or actions for language

Gaze

• Eye-lines made by represented participants that connect them to a viewer.
• The participant demands that the viewer enter an imaginary relationship with him/her-- Demand image
• Present objects dispassionately to the viewer-- Offer image

Size of Frame and Social Distance

• The size of frame is defined in relation to the human body:
• A close show presents head and shoulders, with public figures as if the viewers has a personal relationship
• A medium close shot cuts off the subject at the waist and presents the image in a social setting
• A long shot presents the human figure in half or lower and present them impersonally

Perspective

• Relation between participants with different types of angles:
• A high angle displays the participants with the viewer of a power stance
• A low angle displays the view in more power than the other person
• An eye level angle indicates an equal position among parties

The Visual layout details

• Information value
• Visual composition which displays the left side as known information, and the right as new and important
• In a sectional standpoint
• The upper sections display the product's sensory features,
• The lower sections display the product's value and factual details

More visual layout terms

• C2 Time represents the time in seconds
• C3 visuals within the time-frame
• C4 visual as images and notation
• C5 action as kinetics for body/umbrella movement

Perspective details

• Terms defined as horizontal
• Direct plus or minus viewer involvement
• Oblique minus viewer involvement Vertical as the following:
• High shows power given to viewer to participants
• Medium is equated among the parties
• Low exhibits the parties above the viewer

Shots and distances

• VCS Very Close Shot shows intimacy or less than head/shoulders,
• CS Close Shot shows head/shoulders MC Medium Shot the human cut at waist
• MLS a long Shot with full length of a body image
• LS another long shot for the body height of the image
• VLS is a longer shot

Visual Composition

• Visual Collecation refers to participants and action from an outside source,
• Also including a sense of perspective and naturalistic technology based on sensorial, as well as abstract ideas

Graphic Elements

• Meaning shown in an image with a man and woman
• Action displayed through the movement of a dancing image and interactions between parties
• Participants show emotions and expressions
• The image sets a visual and picturesque environment that the reader creates a vision from, with the interaction from parties

Graphic Element Visual Layout

• The contact between the couples causes a detached sense of the audience
• Distance is given a medium shot to view the bodies, with a balanced setting
• Viewers can have an overview through a slight angle

The Visual with Compositing

• Creates an image focal point Highlights elements to draw an audience

General conclusions

• Relationship in connection
• Create a harmony and theme in nature
• Adds a visual impact

Research and Multimodality

• Understand semiotic methodologies and language, speech, and or sign-language to engage various expressions
• The elements consist of body movements for interactions and sounds to create a harmonious environment

Communication elements

• Includes an interaction and a way to channel a mode through newspaper, letter, TV etc
• The communication through the mass media is created and used by both the sender and the receiver involved and in linguistics

Basic terms of Linguistics

• In linguistics,
• Hyper text with various authors and receivers that has a result
• And its' multifold meaning which consist of translations as well, a set of texts to be digitalized to display a collection

Corpora Characteristics

• Each group of text is categorized with different linguistics
• The verbal and true origins and electronic to digital formats and the Web Page

Digital and audio language

• Stresses the meaning of the word usage and how this connects to creating a better image
• Speech, sound, expressiveness and musicality all blend on a spectrum with storytelling and other types of audio

Research, types, and speaker roles

• Different interventions come from English audio that has different roles in content to include more information or insert comments
• The speakers can also be used between sections and speech origination

Interdiscursivity of audio

• Innovatively constructs hybrids with exploitation with hybrid language
• These segments can be constructed differently from natural or spontaneous conversations

English for storytelling

• Analyzes audio voiceovers or audio guides combined with English to create a deeper understanding of context, sound, and speech within each piece.

Sound Types

Speakers either expert or ordinary to give listeners an extra sense of relation and to express feelings