Tourism Essentials Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What characteristic of tourism indicates that its offerings cannot be stored for future sale?

  • Fragmented
  • Subject to external influences
  • Perishable (correct)
  • Diverse
  • Which characteristic highlights the variety of components that make up the tourism experience?

  • Dynamic
  • Integrated
  • Fragmented (correct)
  • Perishable
  • What external factor could influence a tourist's choice of destination?

  • Currency exchange rates (correct)
  • Strong advertising
  • Travel insurance options
  • Personal travel history
  • Which of the following is NOT considered a typical reason for travel?

    <p>Emergency travel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In tourism, which situation exemplifies being subject to external influences?

    <p>Traveling to a destination during political unrest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of an excursionist?

    <p>They visit a destination for leisure, business, or other purposes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a reason for travel for leisure/pleasure travellers?

    <p>Attending a seminar (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which motivation for travel is most associated with attending meetings and conferences?

    <p>Business Travel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common aspect of business travel that distinguishes it from other types of travel?

    <p>It often incorporates leisure experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of traveller is likely to travel primarily for holidays and recreation?

    <p>Leisure/Pleasure Traveller (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered in the category of unpredictable factors influencing tourism demand?

    <p>Marketing strategies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can influence tourism demand by affecting visitors' ability to reach a destination quickly?

    <p>Time and cost (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a seasonal variation that can influence tourism demand?

    <p>Annual holiday periods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of factors are referred to as being forecastable influences on tourism demand?

    <p>Technological impacts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is likely to influence the demand for travel based on changing demographics?

    <p>Social impacts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which definition of tourism includes the activities of persons traveling to places outside their usual environment?

    <p>Tourism includes travel for leisure, business, and other purposes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one characteristic of tourism that distinguishes it from other industries?

    <p>It is considered an invisible export industry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a concept of tourism?

    <p>A fixed industry with no changes over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is specifically mentioned as not being part of the defined tourism activities?

    <p>Local workers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does infrastructure play in tourism?

    <p>It helps to provide necessary goods and services. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum duration for travel to be classified as tourism?

    <p>1 year (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best encapsulates the nature of leisure tourism?

    <p>It emphasizes recreational travel outside usual environments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is critical in understanding demands for leisure tourism?

    <p>Personal preferences and cultural influences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence tourism demand from within feeder markets?

    <p>Cultural resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Personal incomes influence tourism demand primarily by affecting which of the following?

    <p>Method of travel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social factor primarily affects people's motivation to travel?

    <p>Personal leisure time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the supply of tourism products/services affect destination demand?

    <p>Improves competition and value (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do travel advisories play in influencing tourism demand?

    <p>Discourage travel to certain destinations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic factor is most likely to affect decisions on international versus domestic travel?

    <p>Value of currency/exchange rates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political factor affects tourism demand by regulating visitor access?

    <p>Travel advisories and restrictions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ease of access to a destination is significant for which aspect of tourism?

    <p>Supply of tourism products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of personal traveller?

    <p>Business purposes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a Fully Independent Traveller (FIT)?

    <p>Plans their itinerary independently (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'new' tourism in the 21st century?

    <p>Demand for individualized and unpredictable experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is considered a push motivation for travel?

    <p>Health and fitness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a pull factor in tourism?

    <p>Availability of recreational facilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would NOT typically be a characteristic of group travellers?

    <p>Travelling alone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A desire for novelty-seeking during travel is likely driven by which factor?

    <p>Interest in new cultures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of traveller demand, which option reflects a push factor?

    <p>Seeking adventure through trekking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attribute is commonly associated with the definition of 'new tourism'?

    <p>Concern for environmental issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a personal challenge type of travel?

    <p>Trekking across Tibet on foot (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Tourism Definition (UNWTO)

    Activities of people travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than 1 consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes.

    Tourism as an Industry

    Tourism is a sector of the economy that involves the movement of people and the provision of services to meet their travel needs.

    Tourism as Movement

    Tourism, at its core, involves the physical movement of people to different locations.

    Tourism as System

    Tourism involves the interactions between people, their travel needs, and the services providing those needs.

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    Invisible Export Industry

    Tourism services are intangible products that people consume without first experiencing the product physically.

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    Supporting Goods & Services

    Tourism relies on related services and infrastructure, like transportation or lodging, to facilitate travel.

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    Tourism vs. Travel

    Tourism is a more specific term, including travel for temporary stays outside home.

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    Tourism Stakeholders

    Tourism relies on multiple parties, such as businesses, governments, and local communities.

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    Perishable Tourism

    Tourism experiences that can't be saved or used later. If a hotel room isn't booked, that revenue is lost forever.

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    Tourism's Fragmented Nature

    Tourism is made up of many different parts, such as transport, accommodation, and attractions. These parts work together to create a complete tourism experience.

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    External Influences on Tourism

    Factors like currency exchange rates, political situations, and weather can affect tourism destinations.

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    Leisure Travel

    Travel for fun, relaxation, or entertainment. It's about escaping the everyday routine.

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    Business Travel

    Travel related to work, such as attending conferences or meetings.

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    Excursionist

    A visitor staying less than 24 hours in a destination outside their usual environment for leisure, business, or other purposes.

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    Leisure/Pleasure Traveller

    Someone who travels for relaxation, cultural experiences, recreation, sightseeing, holidays, or visiting friends and family.

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    What is the difference between leisure and business travellers?

    Leisure travelers prioritize relaxation and personal enrichment, while business travelers focus on work-related activities and goals.

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    Incentive Trips

    Trips offered as rewards for achieving goals, exceeding expectations, or hitting targets.

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    Types of Travellers

    Categories of people who travel, grouped based on their primary purpose for travelling.

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    FIT Traveller

    A traveller who plans and books their trip independently, not as part of an organized group.

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    Group Traveller

    A traveller who is part of a larger group with a shared itinerary, usually booked as a package.

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    21st Century Traveller

    A modern traveller who is more experienced, demanding, and environmentally conscious.

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    Push Factors in Tourism

    Internal motivations that drive people to travel, such as personal desires and needs.

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    Pull Factors in Tourism

    External attractions of a destination that draw travellers, such as beaches, historical sites, or budget options.

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    Desire for Escape

    A push factor driven by the need to get away from stress, noise, or crowds.

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    Rest and Relaxation

    A push factor driven by the desire for peace and quiet, often associated with vacations.

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    Adventure Seeking

    A push factor driven by the desire for excitement and challenges, often involving thrilling activities.

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    Prestige

    A push factor driven by the desire for status and luxury, often associated with high-end travel experiences.

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    Factors influencing tourism demand

    These are the reasons why people choose to travel to a specific place. They can be categorized as internal factors (within the destination) and external factors (outside the destination).

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    Accessibility & Convenience

    Factors like travel time and ease of access affect destination popularity. The quicker and easier it is to get there, the more appealing it becomes.

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    Seasonal Variations Impact

    Tourism is affected by seasonal changes – people seek different climates, avoid peak seasons, and consider holidays and events when planning trips.

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    Unpredictable Events Impact

    Sudden events like economic crises, wars, natural disasters, or disease outbreaks can significantly affect tourist demand.

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    Predictable Factors Influencing Demand

    These are factors that can be forecasted, such as changes in demographics, technology, and market trends. They can be planned for and adjusted to.

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    What drives people to travel?

    The factors that motivate people to travel, like seeking new experiences, culture, or relaxation.

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    Economic factors influencing tourism demand

    How personal income, currency value, and exchange rates affect travel decisions, impacting the choice of destination, spending, and travel duration.

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    Social factors influencing tourism demand

    How demographics, like age, gender, and occupation, influence travel preferences and the types of destinations chosen.

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    Political factors influencing tourism demand

    How government policies, like taxes, travel advisories, and restrictions, can impact travel decisions.

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    Price as an economic factor in destination choice

    How expensive or inexpensive a destination is, relative to other options, influences a traveler's decision.

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    Supply of tourism products and services

    The range and quality of attractions, accommodation, and services available at a destination, influencing traveler satisfaction and competition.

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    Political factors influencing tourism within destinations

    How government regulations, like quotas on visitors, visa policies, air travel restrictions, and currency regulations, influence tourism.

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    Tourism demand factors within destinations

    Factors related to the destination itself, like price, competition, and political regulations, influencing tourism demand.

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    Study Notes

    Overview & Perspective of the Tourism Industry (1)

    • Tourism is defined as the activities of people traveling to, and staying in, places outside their usual environment, for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, or other purposes.
    • Key learning outcomes include explaining tourism concepts, leisure tourism, and major stakeholders/forces shaping its industry.
    • Tourism concepts include movement of people, an economic sector/industry, and a complex system of interactions between people, their needs to travel, and services that fulfill these needs.

    Concepts of Tourism

    • Tourism involves the movement of people.
    • It is a part of the economy, or a specific sector within the industry.
    • It is a broad network of relationships between people and their needs when traveling outside their community, along with services that fulfill those needs.

    Defining Tourism

    • Tourism is often used interchangeably with "travel".
    • Tourism is comprised of the activities of people who travel to and stay in places outside their normal environment. Travel must be for a period less than one year.

    Defining Tourism (Simple Explanation)

    • Tourism entails the journeys of people from their homes and communities for various reasons.
    • An industry has developed to cater to tourists' needs.

    5 Characteristics of Tourism

    • Invisible export industry: It's an intangible product; consumers experience the destination prior to purchase.
    • Requires support: Tourism depends on supporting goods and services (e.g., infrastructure expansion).
    • Perishable: Revenue is lost if services/rooms aren't booked in advance.
    • Fragmented: Its elements include transport, accommodation, landscape, and cultural resources.
    • External influences: Tourism is dependent on factors like currency, politics, tourist preferences, and climate. Examples include the cost of travel, political instability, and weather conditions.

    Typical Reasons for Travel

    • Leisure/Pleasure: Activities like recreation, sightseeing, and entertainment.
    • Business: Meetings, conventions, and other business-related activities.
    • Visiting Friends and Family (VFR): Social trips to visit family and friends as well as social gatherings.
    • Other personal business: Activities like study tours, pilgrimages, religious trips, or health-related trips.

    An Integrated Tourism Model

    • The model illustrates the interconnected relationships within the tourism industry.
    • The traveling public is the central focus.
    • Tourism promoters connect travelers with service providers.
    • External influences affect tourists, promoters, and suppliers.

    External Environment (Examples)

    • Recent Events: Tourists were stabbed at a popular site in Jordan.
    • Yen Fluctuations: The weak yen in Japan presented a chance to increase inbound tourism.

    Tourist vs. Excursionist

    • Tourist: Stays for at least 24 hours outside their usual environment (leisure, business).
    • Excursionist: Stays less than 24 hours outside their usual environment (excluding transit travelers).

    Types of Travellers

    • Leisure/Pleasure Travellers: Travel for leisure, exploring cultures, recreation, relaxation, sightseeing, holidays, and visiting friends and family.
    • Business Travellers: Travel for business reasons; going to meetings, seminars, conferences, or trade events.
    • Personal Travellers: Travel for personal reasons, like religious pilgrimages, medical treatments, educational pursuit, or family/friends visits.
    • Fully/Free Independent Travellers (FIT): Not associated with organised groups.
    • Group Travellers: Traveling in organised groups, like package tours, sports teams, or wedding parties.

    21st-Century Travellers

    • They are more knowledgeable and experienced travelers, with a demand for value.
    • They are environmentally aware and seek personalized experiences.

    Tourism Demand: Push & Pull Motivations

    • Push Factors: Personal motivations and needs that drive travel (e.g., escape, relaxation, adventure).
    • Pull Factors: Appeal of destination attributes (e.g., beaches, facilities, cultural resources, affordability).

    Pull Factors (Destination Motivations)

    • Beaches
    • Recreational Facilities
    • Historical Sites/Monuments
    • Attractive Budget
    • Cultural Resources and Nature
    • Ease of Access
    • Cosmopolitan Environment

    Tourism Demand: Motivation to Travel

    • Consumer needs lead to perceptions of what satisfies those needs.
    • The perceived attractions and actual attractions should align for positive motivations to travel to a destination.

    Factors Influencing Tourism Demand (Feeder Markets)

    • Economic Factors: Personal income; currency/exchange value impacts travel decisions, expenditure, length of stay, transport.
    • Social Factors: Demographics (age, gender, occupation) impact travel motivation & product type. Leisure time and public holidays influence travel patterns.
    • Political Factors: Taxation, travel restrictions, advisories affect destinations accessibility or desire.

    Factors Influencing Tourism Demand (Destinations)

    • Economic Factors: Price considerations (e.g., cheap or expensive).
    • Tourism Product/Service Supply: Quality and variety of offerings, events and attractions impact choices.
    • Political Factors: Visa requirements, visitor quotas, travel rules, infrastructure.
    • Promotional Efforts: Effort to attract tourists.
    • Health, Safety & Security: Safety concerns lead to shifts in tourism demands.
    • Time & Cost: Ease of access and travel cost influences popularity of destinations.
    • Seasonal Variations: Different climates during different seasons generate travel opportunities.

    Factors Influencing Change in Tourism Demand

    • Unforeseen Factors: Economic fluctuations (e.g., stock market crashes or currency shifts), natural disasters or political turmoil, epidemics/pandemics ( e.g., COVID-19) significantly impact travel.

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