Total Body Water and Fluid Compartments
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of total body water (TBW) is typically found in a neonate?

  • 40-45%
  • 60-65%
  • 50%
  • 70-80% (correct)

    • What is the approximate ratio of extracellular fluid (ECF) to total body water (TBW)?

  • 1/2 TBW
  • 3/4 TBW
  • 2/3 TBW
  • 1/3 TBW (correct)

    • Which of the following best describes the distribution of extracellular fluid (ECF) in the body?

  • 1/4 intravascular, 3/4 interstitial (correct)
  • 3/4 intravascular, 1/4 interstitial
  • 1/2 intravascular, 1/2 interstitial
  • 1/3 intravascular, 2/3 interstitial

    • What is the approximate blood volume percentage in a young adult?

    <p>7% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In adults, what is the approximate total body water (TBW) percentage in females?

    <p>50-55% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate intracellular concentration of Sodium (Na+)?

    <p>10 mEq/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate intracellular concentration of Potassium (K+)?

    <p>140 mEq/L (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under normal conditions, which age group would you expect to have the lowest percentage of total body water (TBW)?

    <p>Elderly individual (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Total Body Water (TBW)

    The total amount of water in a person's body, expressed as a percentage of body weight.

    ECF (Extracellular Fluid)

    Fluid outside of cells, making up about 1/3 of Total Body Water.

    ICF (Intracellular Fluid)

    Fluid within cells, making up about 2/3 of Total Body Water.

    Neonate TBW percentage

    Total Body Water percentage in neonates is approximately 80% of body weight.

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    Elderly TBW percentage

    Total Body Water percentage in elderly individuals is about 50-55% of body weight.

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    Sodium in ECF vs ICF

    Sodium concentration is higher in the extracellular fluid (145 mEq/L) than in intracellular fluid (10 mEq/L).

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    Potassium in ICF vs ECF

    Potassium concentration is significantly higher in intracellular fluid (140 mEq/L) than in extracellular fluid (4 mEq/L).

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    Age-related TBW change

    Total Body Water decreases with age; it is highest at birth and lowest in elderly.

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    Study Notes

    Total Body Water

    • At birth, total body water accounts for 70-80% of body weight.
    • At one year of age, it is about 70-75%
    • In adults, males have 60% and females have 50-55% of their weight as total body water.
    • In extreme old age, it is about 40-45%.
    • Pregnancy increases blood and plasma volume by 45% and 50%, respectively.

    Body Fluid Compartments

    • Total body water is divided into extracellular fluid and intracellular fluid.
    • Extracellular fluid (ECF) is one-third of total body water (TBW).
    • ECF is further divided into interstitial fluid (comprising 3/4 of ECF) and intravascular fluid (comprising 1/4 of ECF).
    • Intracellular fluid is the remaining two-thirds of TBW.
    • These proportions are different at various ages

    Composition of Fluid Compartments

    • The table lists the composition of different fluid compartments (intracellular, interstitial, intravascular)
    • It shows the concentration of various electrolytes (e.g., sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, bicarbonate, phosphorus) in milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L) and protein in grams per deciliter (g/dL)
    • Values are accurate for children 6 months of age and older

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    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts about total body water composition and the distribution of body fluids across different compartments. Learn about how these fluid compartments change with age and during pregnancy, as well as the concentration of various electrolytes in each compartment.

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