Torque and Mechanical Advantage

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the effect a force cannot achieve on an object?

  • Increasing the object's mass. (correct)
  • Starting the motion of a stationary object.
  • Changing the object's shape.
  • Changing the object's direction of motion.

According to Newton's Second Law of Motion, what is the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration when mass is constant?

  • Force is inversely proportional to mass and inversely proportional to acceleration.
  • Force is directly proportional to mass and directly proportional to acceleration. (correct)
  • Force is inversely proportional to mass and directly proportional to acceleration.
  • Force is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to acceleration.

A person is pushing a box across a floor. Which type of force is primarily opposing the sliding motion of the box?

  • Gravitational Force
  • Applied Force
  • Frictional Force (correct)
  • Tension Force

In the context of rotational motion, what is the effect of increasing the distance from the pivot point at which a force is applied?

<p>It increases the torque, making it easier to rotate the object. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are door handles typically placed far away from the hinges?

<p>To maximize the torque applied, making it easier to open the door. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a 'couple' from a single force acting on an object?

<p>A couple consists of two equal and opposite forces, while a single force acts alone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a numerical problem, a force of 20 N is applied at a distance of 0.5 meters from the pivot point. What is the magnitude of the moment of force (torque)?

<p>10 Newton-meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit for the moment of force?

<p>Newton-meter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If multiple forces are acting on an object and there is no change in its state of motion, what condition is the object in?

<p>Equilibrium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes static equilibrium from dynamic equilibrium?

<p>Static equilibrium involves an object at rest, while dynamic equilibrium involves an object in motion with constant velocity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A seesaw is perfectly balanced with two children of equal weight sitting on opposite ends at equal distances from the pivot. Which type of equilibrium does this demonstrate?

<p>Static equilibrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a system in equilibrium, if the clockwise moment created by one force is 25 Nm, what must be the sum of the anticlockwise moments?

<p>25 Nm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the center of gravity of an object?

<p>The point where the entire weight of the object is considered to act. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the center of gravity located for a uniform circular ring?

<p>At its geometric center. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Two equal and opposite parallel forces not acting along the same line will create what?

<p>Couple (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A uniform meter rule is pivoted at its midpoint (50 cm). A weight of 20 gf is suspended at the 70 cm mark. To balance the rule, where should a weight of 40 gf be suspended?

<p>At the 40 cm mark (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion does a satellite orbiting the Earth demonstrate?

<p>Uniform circular motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In uniform circular motion, which quantity remains constant?

<p>Speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is centrifugal force often referred to as a fictitious force?

<p>It is a force that arises due to inertia in a non-inertial frame of reference. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A man applies a force of 150 N to a wrench with a lever arm of 0.4 m to open a nut. Later, he only applies 60 N but still manages to open the nut. What is the new length of the lever arm?

<p>1.0 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Force?

A push or pull that can change the state of rest or motion of an object.

What is Tension Force?

Force that arises when an object is pulled.

What is Friction?

Opposition to sliding movements between surfaces in contact.

What is Linear Motion?

Movement in a straight line or specific direction.

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What is Rotational Motion?

Movement of an object rotating around an axis.

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What is Torque?

The turning effect of a force, equal to force multiplied by distance from the pivot.

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What is Anticlockwise Rotation?

Rotating in the direction opposite to the hands of a clock; generally considered positive.

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What is a Couple (Forces)?

A pair of equal and opposite forces acting on a body, creating rotation.

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What is Equilibrium?

A state where all forces acting on an object sum up to zero, resulting in no change in its state of motion.

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What is Static Equilibrium?

Object remains at rest despite multiple forces acting on it.

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What is Dynamic Equilibrium?

Object remains in motion despite forces acting on it.

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What is the Principle of Moments?

When a body is in equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments equals the sum of anticlockwise moments about the same point.

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What is the Center of Gravity?

The point in a body where the entire weight of the body is considered to be concentrated.

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What is Circular Motion?

Motion of an object along the circumference of a circle or its rotational path.

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What is Uniform Circular Motion?

Motion where an object moves on a circular path at a constant speed but changing velocity.

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What is Acceleration?

The change in velocity (speed and/or direction) of an object.

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What is Centrifugal Force?

An apparent force that acts outwards on a body moving around a center, it is fictitious.

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What is Translational Motion?

Type of motion that shifts the whole object as the same orientation line or curve.

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What is Rotational Motion?

Rotating around an internal axis or point.

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What is SI and CG Units Relationship?

Measure units and determine relationships of certain values.

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Study Notes

Problem Solving – Nut Opener

  • A scenario is presented involving opening a nut
  • A man applies 150 N of force with a lever length of 0.4 meters
  • The problem involves finding the lever length required if the man applies only 60 N of force

Finding SI and CGS Units Relationship

  • 1 Newton is equal to 10^5 dynes

Final Advice

  • Remembering the topics is key to succeeding in the exam

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