Tooth Development and Anatomy

Using pictures to communicate, often used for individuals with communication difficulties.

A technique that uses positive reinforcement to develop desired behaviors. Small steps are rewarded, leading to more complex actions.

Exposing a patient to a dental appointment gradually, reducing anxiety with each step.

Diverting a child's attention away from a procedure to reduce anxiety.

Creating a positive context about the dentist visit by showing happy images and stories.

A dental appointment focusing on introducing the dental setting, making it less scary.

Using changes in voice volume, tone, and pace to get a child's attention or comply with instructions.

A state of depressed consciousness where the patient can respond to commands or touch.

A sleep-like state of unconsciousness, where the patient doesn't respond to stimuli.

Using a papoose or another person to restrict a child's movement.

Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) used at a concentration of less than 50%, often with other medications, to reduce anxiety.

Nitrous oxide used at a concentration of more than 50%, often with other medications, for deeper sedation.

Intravenous medications like midazolam, propofol, or ketamine are used for a deep state of sedation.

Medications such as ketamine, propofol, or thiopental are used to induce a state of unconsciousness.

The maximum safe dose of local anesthetic for children is 4.4 milligrams per kilogram of body weight.

Eruption of primary teeth occurs in a specific sequence that follows a pattern: Central, Lateral, Canine, 1st Molar, 2nd Molar, with Mandibular eruption happening earlier than Maxillary.

An extra tooth that erupts in addition to the normal number of teeth.

A condition where a tooth is missing from birth. Most common primary tooth affected is the maxillary lateral incisor. For permanent teeth, the most common missing teeth are third molars, followed by mandibular second premolars and maxillary lateral incisors.

An abnormal bend in the root of a tooth, often due to trauma to the corresponding primary tooth.

A mineralization defect in enamel that results in white spots. It can be caused by fluorosis, a condition caused by excessive fluoride intake.

The primary teeth are whiter and more translucent compared to permanent teeth. They also have a larger pulp and more divergent roots.

The most common supernumerary tooth, often found positioned palatally between the maxillary central incisors. It can block the eruption of permanent teeth.

A space between the primary maxillary lateral incisor and canine, and between the mandibular canine and first molar. It helps accommodate the eruption of permanent canines.

The space between primary incisors. This space accommodates the larger size of permanent incisors.

The difference in size between primary molars and permanent premolars. It provides space for the eruption of permanent premolars.

The process of maintaining space for the eruption of permanent teeth after the premature loss of primary teeth.

An appliance used to maintain space after the premature loss of primary teeth. It can be used for various tooth types, each appliance designed to address specific needs.

A rule that states that if a primary molar is lost before age 7, the eruption of the premolar will be delayed. If lost after age 7, the eruption will be accelerated.

The process of the gums closing in the space left after the loss of a primary tooth. Most movement occurs within the first 4-8 weeks after loss, with closure completed in 6 months.

A permanent tooth that erupts in the wrong position or direction. Wisdom teeth and canines are the most common teeth to erupt ectopically.