Tolterodine Tartrate Overview

Tolterodine Tartrate (Detrol) Overview

• Generic name: tolterodine tartrate; Trade names: Detrol, Detrol LA
• Therapeutic class: Muscarinic receptor antagonist

Dosage and Administration

• Dosage range: Oral 2 mg twice daily (bid); can reduce to 1 mg bid; extended-release: 4 mg daily, may reduce to 2 mg daily, max of 4 mg/day
• Route of administration: Oral, swallow whole with liquids

Pharmacokinetics

• Rapid absorption with high protein binding
• Metabolized in the liver and excreted through urineand feces
• Half-life: unknown

Mechanism of Action

• Relaxes smooth muscles in the urinary tract by inhibiting acetylcholine at post-ganglionic sites

Indications for Use

• Primarily indicated for overactive bladder
• Effective in treating urinary incontinence

Major Side Effects

• CNS effects: anxiety, paresthesia, fatigue, dizziness, headache, increased dementia risk, memory impairment
• Cardiovascular effects: chest pain, hypertension (HTN), prolonged QT interval, angioedema
• EENT effects: abnormal vision, xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
• Gastrointestinal/genitourinary effects: nausea, vomiting, anorexia, abdominal pain, constipation, dry mouth, urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Skin effects: bronchitis, cough, pharyngitis, and risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Contraindications

• Known hypersensitivity to tolterodine
• Uncontrolled closed-angle glaucoma
• Urinary retention
• Gastric retention

Assessment Before Administration

• Check vital signs and assess neurological, cardiac, respiratory, and gastrointestinal status
• Evaluate patient's ability to swallow and monitor weight
• Review intake and output (I&O)
• Observe normal urinary patterns
• Take comprehensive history, including potential Stevens-Johnson syndrome
• Check for allergies

Monitoring After Administration

• Reassess vital signs, respiratory, and neurological status
• Monitor weight and I&O
• Watch for allergic reactions, chest pain, EKG abnormalities (e.g., prolonged QT), angioedema, and rash

Patient Education

• Advise patients to avoid hazardous activities due to potential dizziness
• Encourage patients not to drink liquids before bedtime to minimize nocturia
• Educate on the importance of bladder maintenance
• Instruct patients to take medication with liquids and swallow whole

This quiz covers the essential aspects of Tolterodine Tartrate, including its dosage, administration, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, and indications for use. Additionally, it highlights major side effects associated with the medication. Perfect for students studying pharmacology or healthcare professionals seeking to refresh their knowledge.